शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How our expectations shape what we see, hear, and feel - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
अभ्यास मोड चुनें
हर मोड पूरी स्क्रीन का अभ्यास कक्ष खोलता है।
64 वाक्य
यदि वाक्य बहुत छोटे या लंबे हों, तो समायोजित करने के लिए Edit पर क्लिक करें।
1
It can certainly feel like emotions happen to you, that they bubble up and that they cause you to do and say things.
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But that experience is an illusion that the brain creates.
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Not everybody has as much control as they might like, but everybody has a little more control than they think they do.
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When you're experiencing emotion or you're in an emotional state, what your brain is doing is telling itself a story about
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what is going on inside your body in relation to what's happening in the world.
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Your brain is always regulating your body.
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Your body is always sending sensory information back to your brain.
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And your brain isn't wired in a way for you to experience those sensory changes specifically.
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Instead, what you experience is a summary.
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And that's where those simple feelings come from.
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If you understand that every experience you have now becomes part of your brain's ability to predict,
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then you realize that the best way to change your past is to change your present.
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Just in the same way that you would exercise to make yourself healthier,
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you can invest energy to cultivate different experiences for yourself.
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The fact that your brain is using your past experience to predict what you're going to see and hear and feel
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means that you are an architect of your experience.
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And that doesn't involve breaking predictions.
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It involves seeding your brain to predict differently.
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It's my belief that the way in which emotions evolved was to deal with things like saber-toothed tigers,
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the current incarnation of which is the car that's suddenly lurching at your car at a high speed.
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You don't have time to think.
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In split seconds, you have to do and make very complex decisions.
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And if you had to think about what you were doing, you'd be dead.
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It's a system that evolved to deal with really important things without your thinking about.
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So that means that sometimes you're going to be very unconsidered, very thoughtless.
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Well, these exercises that we're giving people, moving their facial muscles,
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concentrating on the sensations to make them more aware of an emotion
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when it arises so that they will feel it at the moment
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and then can say did you really mean to ignore me?
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No. It was just an accident or maybe I shouldn't jump to the conclusion that she doesn't care about me at all.
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The way in which we can improve of our emotional life is to introduce conscious awareness.
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Nature did not want you to do that.
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So you have to do it yourself.
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All relationships are colored with expectations about myself and about the other.
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My expectations influence that which I then see or hear.
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It is a filter as well as my mood.
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That is one of the most important things to understand about relationships and communication
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is how people actually co-create each other in the context of a relationship, because those people make part of who we are.
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We will draw from them the very things which we expect from them, even when it's the opposite of what we really want.
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A lot of emphasis is put on our ability to say certain things, to say them in the right way,
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to articulate our needs, our feelings, our thoughts, our positions, our opinions.
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What is lacking is the ability to see
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that speaking is entirely dictated by the quality of the listening that is reflected back on us.
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If I am talking to someone who is on their phone, I will be expressing myself and experiencing the communication completely different than
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if I am speaking to someone who is looking at me in the eyes who says to me, I get it, I understand.
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Not necessarily I agree, because ultimately, if I speak to you, and in the end, I live feeling even more alone,
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I am literally in an existential crisis.
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There is nothing worse than to be alone in the presence of another.
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So when you listen to me, the first thing I need to know is that I have your attention.
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The second thing I need to know is that maybe you can acknowledge the validity of my point of view.
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And potentially you may even empathize with my point of view.
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You can understand why I would think or feel or experience things the way I do.
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That reflecting back, acknowledging, validating, empathizing.
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That sequence is where the depth of communication takes place.
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When you enter this world, you're not wired full of memories that your brain will use to predict.
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Other people cultivate your world
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and as a consequence they are wiring your brain full of experiences that your brain will then use to predict.
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So as an adult you can make decisions about what you experience now.
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You can make choices about how you act and those decisions
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and choices either reinforce the predictions that your brain makes or it changes them.
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Sometimes in life we are responsible for changing things not
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because we're culpable or to blame for those things but because we're the only ones who can change them.
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You always have tools available at your disposal to heal yourself,
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to act differently, and to feel differently.
ऐप डाउनलोड करें
धाराप्रवाह बोलने के लिए ज़रूरी सब कुछ
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शब्दावलीअपना शब्द भंडार बनाएँ
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 64 वाक्य और 881 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 6:51 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 128 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्थिर गति से बोलता है, जो शैडोइंग के लिए आरामदायक है। 87% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| emotion संज्ञा | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | भावना, जज़्बा |
| wire संज्ञा | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | तार |
| reflect क्रिया | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | प्रतिबिंबित करना |
| acknowledge क्रिया | /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ | स्वीकार करना |
| expectation संज्ञा | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | आशा, अपेक्षा |
| prediction संज्ञा | /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ | प्रागुक्ति, भविष्यवाणी |
| ignore क्रिया | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | उपेक्षा, उपेक्षा करना |
| necessarily क्रिया विशेषण | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | अवश्य, अनिवार्यतः |
| belief संज्ञा | /bɪˈliːf/ | विश्वास, धारणा |
| awareness संज्ञा | /əˈwɛɹ.nəs/ | जागरूकता |
| mood संज्ञा | /muːd/ | स्वभाव, मनोदशा |
| muscle संज्ञा | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | पेशी, मांसपेशी |
| conclusion संज्ञा | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | अंतिम |
| introduce क्रिया | /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ | परिचय |
| seed संज्ञा | /siːd/ | बीज, दाना |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 14 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे you're, we're, doesn't। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “th” की ध्वनियाँ: tooth /tuθ/, empathize /ˈɛmpəˌθaɪz/, thoughtless /ˈθɔtləs/
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, validity /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर emotion, wire, reflect जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | isn't wired · are colored · is put |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | someone who is · ones who can |
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।