動詞 + -ing

有些動詞後面再接一個動詞時，第二個動詞必須用 -ing 形式（動名詞），不能用 to + 動詞。第一個動詞照常隨時態變化；-ing 形式在任何時態裡都保持不變。

💡中文裡兩個動詞可以直接連用（“喜歡做飯”“避免開車”）。英語裡第二個動詞必須是 -ing 或 to + 動詞，而且由第一個動詞決定用哪種。所以要把它們當作固定搭配來記：enjoy doing、avoid doing、finish doing。

1. 喜歡、不喜歡、不介意：enjoy、(not) mind、fancy（= 想要、有興致——英式英語，口語）、can't stand、dislike

• My grandma enjoys growing herbs on her balcony.

  我奶奶喜歡在陽臺上種香草。

• Do you mind sitting at the back?

  你介意坐在後面嗎？

• I can't stand waiting in long queues.

  我受不了排長隊。

• Do you fancy getting a bubble tea after class?

  下課後想不想去喝杯奶茶？

2. 結束、停止、繼續、推遲：finish、stop、quit、give up、keep (on)、go on、carry on、put off、postpone、delay

• Have you finished using the laptop?

  你用完筆記型電腦了嗎？

• It kept raining the whole weekend.

  整個週末雨下個不停。

• My uncle gave up smoking last year.

  我叔叔去年戒菸了。

• We put off booking the hotel, and now everything is full.

  我們一直拖著沒訂酒店，現在全滿了。

3. 避免、冒險、懷念、忍不住：avoid、risk、miss、resist、can't help

• I try to avoid driving during rush hour.

  我儘量避開高峰時段開車。

• Don't risk losing your photos — back them up.

  別冒丟失照片的風險——記得備份。

• I really miss eating my mum's cooking.

  我真的很懷念吃媽媽做的飯。

• I couldn't help laughing at his joke.

  聽了他的笑話，我忍不住笑了。

4. 考慮、建議、承認、練習：consider、imagine、suggest、recommend、admit、deny、mention、practise（美式拼寫：practice）

• Have you ever considered working abroad?

  你有沒有考慮過去國外工作？

• Lan suggested meeting at the cafe near the station.

  阿蘭建議在車站附近的咖啡館見面。

• He finally admitted breaking the vase.

  他終於承認是他打碎了花瓶。

• Imagine living right next to the beach!

  想像一下住在海邊是什麼感覺！

• I practise speaking English with a friend every evening.

  我每天晚上都和一個朋友練習說英語。

• 否定：把 not 放在 -ing 形式正前方：She suggested not telling anyone yet.
• 動詞 + 人 + -ing：I can't imagine my dad dancing. / Sorry to keep you waiting. / Do you mind me sitting here?（更正式：my sitting）
• keep / keep on + -ing = 一再做某事，常帶有厭煩的意味：My laptop keeps freezing.
• admit、deny 後面可以用 having + 過去分詞，強調動作發生在前，但一般用普通的 -ing 就夠了：He denied taking the money. = He denied having taken the money.
• suggest、recommend、admit、deny 後面也可以接 that 從句：Lan suggested (that) we meet at the cafe（英式英語也說：we should meet）。但不能說 “suggested us to meet”。
• stop 和 go on 也可以接 to + 動詞，但意思會變——見“-ing 還是 to：remember, forget, stop, try, need”一課。

意思相近的動詞，後面接的形式不一定相同。比較下面每一組（另見“動詞 + to 不定式”一課）：

• I enjoy swimming, but today I want to stay at home.

  我喜歡游泳，但今天我想待在家裡。

• We're considering moving to Da Nang. We plan to go in May.

  我們在考慮搬到峴港，打算五月份過去。

• He avoided answering at first, then refused to say anything.

  他一開始迴避回答，後來乾脆什麼都不肯說。

• I don't mind helping. I've already agreed to help on Saturday.

  我不介意幫忙。我已經答應週六去幫忙了。

💡一個粗略的記憶方法（不是規則）：接 to 的動詞常常指向還沒做的事（want、hope、plan、decide、promise）；很多接 -ing 的動詞說的是正在發生或已經經歷過的事（enjoy、finish、stop、miss、admit）。但 consider、suggest 和 imagine 說的是將來，卻仍然接 -ing——所以說到底，每個動詞都得單獨記。

• ✗I enjoy to listen to podcasts.

  ✓I enjoy listening to podcasts.

  enjoy + -ing，不接 to。

• ✗Would you mind to turn the music down?

  ✓Would you mind turning the music down?

  mind + -ing。

• ✗She suggested us to take a taxi.

  ✓She suggested taking a taxi. / She suggested (that) we take a taxi.

  suggest 不能接“人 + to”。

• ✗He keeps forget his keys.

  ✓He keeps forgetting his keys.

  keep 後面用 -ing，不用動詞原形。

• ✗I'm considering to change jobs.

  ✓I'm considering changing jobs.

  consider + -ing；這裡兩個 -ing 連用沒有問題。

• ✗Have you finished to pack?

  ✓Have you finished packing?

  finish + -ing。