第 69 課 · 第 6 階段: 動詞句型
動詞 + to 不定式
中級Verb + to-infinitive
構成與用法
decide / manage / seem / try + to 動詞 — 後接 to 的動詞
1.形式
很多動詞後面接 to + 動詞原形（to 不定式）。只有第一個動詞隨時態變化；to + 動詞這部分永遠不變。
| 句型 | 例句 | |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定式 | 動詞 + to V | We decided to stay. |
| 主要動詞的否定 | don't / didn't + 動詞 + to V | He didn't manage to finish. |
| 第二個動詞的否定 | 動詞 + not to V | I promised not to tell. |
| 疑問式 | do / did + 主語 + 動詞 + to V? | Do you plan to stay long? |
| 其他時態 | has agreed / will try / was hoping + to V | She has agreed to help. |
not 放在 to 前面：decided not to go。口語裡你會聽到 “to not go”，但 not to go 才是標準形式，書面語裡用它更穩妥。
2.後接 to + 動詞的動詞
1. 想要、希望、計劃、決定：want、would like、hope、plan、decide、intend、expect、aim、choose
I'm hoping to visit Hoi An this summer.
我希望今年夏天能去會安。
We've decided to rent a smaller flat.
我們決定租一套小一點的公寓。
Nam plans to open his own cafe one day.
阿南打算有一天開一家自己的咖啡館。
2. 答應、同意、拒絕、主動提出、威脅、安排：promise、agree、refuse、offer、threaten、arrange
My neighbour offered to water my plants while I was away.
我不在家時，鄰居主動提出幫我澆花。
The taxi driver refused to use the meter.
計程車司機拒絕打表。
We've arranged to meet at eight.
我們約好八點見面。
3. 嘗試、成功、失敗、學會、負擔得起：try、manage、fail、attempt、learn、can't afford
I finally managed to fix the printer.
我終於把印表機修好了。（manage = 成功做成某件難事）
He failed to notice the red light.
他沒注意到紅燈。
My son is learning to ride a bike.
我兒子在學騎腳踏車。
Students often can't afford to buy new textbooks.
學生們常常買不起新課本。
4. 似乎、往往、假裝、碰巧：seem、appear、tend、pretend、happen
Linh seems to know everyone here.
阿玲好像認識這裡的每一個人。
I tend to talk too fast when I'm nervous.
我一緊張，說話就容易太快。
He pretended to be asleep.
他假裝睡著了。
Do you happen to know her number?
你碰巧知道她的電話號碼嗎？
3.seem、appear、pretend：to be -ing 和 to have + V3
在 seem、appear、pretend、tend… 後面，可以用 to + 動詞，也可以用 to be + -ing（正在進行的事）和 to have + 過去分詞（之前已經發生的事）。
| 句型 | 含義 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| seem to + V | 現在或一般情況 | She seems to like her new job. |
| seem to be + -ing | 此刻正在進行 | The baby seems to be sleeping. |
| seem to have + V3 | 之前已經發生 | Someone seems to have taken my umbrella. |
| It seems (that) … | 用從句表達同樣的意思，也很常用 | It seems (that) she likes her new job. |
decide、know、learn、explain、wonder 等動詞後面還可以接 疑問詞 + to + 動詞：I don't know what to say。見“疑問詞 + to 不定式”一課。
4.意思相近，句型不同
不要根據意思去猜形式：很多成對的動詞意思幾乎一樣，但一個接 to + 動詞，另一個接 -ing（見“動詞 + -ing”一課）。要特別注意 look forward to：這裡的 to 是介詞，所以後面接 -ing。
| + to V | + -ing |
|---|---|
| hope to win | look forward to winning |
| plan to move | consider moving |
| refuse to answer | avoid answering |
| agree to help | don't mind helping |
| decide to go | suggest going |
| want to stop | feel like stopping |
I hope to see you soon. / I'm looking forward to seeing you.
我希望很快能見到你。/ 我很期待見到你。
She agreed to lend me her notes.
她答應把筆記借給我。
這裡的 to 只是不定式的標誌，不表示方向或目的。當 to 是真正的介詞時（look forward to、be used to、object to），後面接 -ing——見“介詞 + -ing”一課。
5.常見錯誤
We decided going by train.We decided to go by train.
decide + to + 動詞。
I hope seeing you soon.I hope to see you soon.
hope + to + 動詞。
He promised not be late again.He promised not to be late again.
否定式是 not to + 動詞；to 要保留。
I'm agree to help you.I agree to help you.
agree 是動詞，不要加 am。
I hope you to pass the exam.I hope (that) you pass the exam.
hope 不能接“人 + to”；要用 that 從句。
She refused answering my question.She refused to answer my question.
refuse + to + 動詞。
例句
- We decided to take a taxi because it was raining.
- After three hours, Nam finally managed to solve the problem.
- Linh seems to be very tired today.
- We can't afford to buy a new car this year.
