第 70 課 · 第 6 階段: 動詞句型
-ing 還是 to：remember, forget, stop, try, need
中級-ing or to: remember, forget, stop, try, need
構成與用法
remember doing vs remember to do——接 -ing 或 to 時意思不同的動詞
1.兩類動詞
有些動詞後面既可以接 -ing，也可以接 to + 動詞。分兩種情況：
- 意思會變：remember、forget、regret、stop、try、go on、need——形式用錯，意思就錯了。
- 意思基本不變：like、love、hate、prefer、can't bear、start、begin、continue——兩種形式都可以。
| 動詞 | + -ing | + to V |
|---|---|---|
| remember | 記得做過的事 | 不要忘了要做的事 |
| forget | 忘記做過的事（通常用於：I'll never forget …） | 沒做本該做的事 |
| regret | 後悔做了某事 | 遺憾地告知壞訊息（正式：regret to say / inform / announce） |
| stop | 停止做這件事 | 停下手頭的事，為了去做這件事 |
| try | 試著做某事，看看效果 | 努力去做一件難事 |
| go on | 繼續做同一件事 | 接著做另一件新的事 |
| need | 需要被做（被動意義） | 主語有必要去做這件事 |
記 remember / forget / regret 的方法：-ing 往回看——動作發生在你記得、忘記或後悔之前。to 往前看——動作還沒發生，在之後才做。
2.remember、forget、regret
remember：做過的事（-ing）或要做的事（to）
I remember locking the door, so don't worry.
我記得鎖了門，別擔心。
Remember to lock the door when you go out.
出門時記得鎖門。
forget：forget + -ing 主要用在 I'll never forget… 中，或者想不起自己做過的事。忘了做某件事，幾乎總是用 forget to。
I'll never forget seeing the rice terraces in Sa Pa.
我永遠忘不了在沙壩看到的梯田。
Sorry, I forgot to reply to your message.
抱歉，我忘了回覆你的訊息。
regret：後悔過去的事（-ing），或遺憾地告知訊息（to，正式）
I regret not learning to swim when I was young.
我後悔小時候沒學游泳。
We regret to announce that the 9:15 train to Hue has been cancelled.
我們遺憾地通知，9:15 開往順化的列車已經取消。
3.stop 和 go on
stop + -ing = 不再做這件事。stop + to + 動詞 = 停下（正在做的事）為了去做另一件事——這裡的 to 表示目的。
My dad stopped smoking five years ago.
我爸爸五年前戒菸了。
On the way to Da Lat, we stopped to buy some strawberries.
去大叻的路上，我們停下來買了些草莓。
go on + -ing = 繼續做同一件事。go on + to + 動詞 = 做完一件事，接著做另一件新的事。
She went on talking even after the bell rang.
鈴響了，她還在說個不停。
After the introduction, the teacher went on to explain the homework.
介紹完之後，老師接著講解了作業。
4.try、need、help
try + to + 動詞 = 努力去做一件難事（可能做不成）。try + -ing = 試一試某個方法，看是否管用。
I tried to open the jar, but the lid wouldn't move.
我想開啟那個罐子，可蓋子怎麼也擰不動。
If you can't sleep, try drinking some warm milk.
如果睡不著，試試喝點熱牛奶。
need + to + 動詞 = 主語必須去做。need + -ing = 需要被做，相當於 need to be + 過去分詞。need + -ing 在英式英語裡常用；need to be + 過去分詞哪裡都通用。
I need to charge my phone.
我得給手機充電了。
This shirt needs ironing.
這件襯衫需要熨一下。（= needs to be ironed）
中文說“這件襯衫需要熨”，很容易直譯成 “this shirt needs to iron”。但在英語裡這意味著襯衫要去熨別的東西！要用 needs ironing 或 needs to be ironed。
help 後面可以接 to + 動詞，也可以接動詞原形，意思一樣。但 can't help + -ing = 忍不住。
Can you help me (to) carry these boxes?
你能幫我搬一下這些箱子嗎？
I couldn't help smiling when I read her card.
讀她的卡片時，我忍不住笑了。
5.like、love、hate、start…：意思基本不變
like、love、hate、prefer、can't bear、start、begin、continue 後面，-ing 和 to + 動詞意思幾乎相同。
It started raining just as we left. = It started to rain just as we left.
我們剛出門就下起雨來了。
I love cooking for my family. = I love to cook for my family.
我喜歡給家人做飯。
- 英式英語常用 like + -ing 表示喜歡、享受，用 like + to + 動詞 表示你認為明智的習慣：I like to get to the airport early. 美式英語用 like + to + 動詞更廣泛，表示喜歡也可以用。
- would like / would love / would hate / would prefer 幾乎總是接 to + 動詞：Would you like to join us? 見“禮貌的願望 ‘would like’”一課。
- prefer：prefer -ing to -ing，或 prefer to + 動詞 rather than + 動詞：I prefer walking to driving. / I prefer to walk rather than drive.
- start / begin / continue 後面，母語者通常避免兩個 -ing 連用：It's starting to rain（比 “starting raining” 自然）。
6.常見錯誤
Don't forget locking the door.Don't forget to lock the door.
還沒做的事 → forget to。
I remember to meet her at a party years ago.I remember meeting her at a party years ago.
回憶過去發生的事 → remember -ing。
We stopped buying some fruit on the way home.We stopped to buy some fruit on the way home.
停下來是為了買東西 → stop to。
The car needs to wash.The car needs washing. / The car needs to be washed.
車不會自己洗東西 → 被動意義。
It's starting raining.It's starting to rain.
避免兩個 -ing 連用。
I'd like going to the beach this weekend.I'd like to go to the beach this weekend.
would like + to + 動詞。
例句
- Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave.
- I'm sorry, I forgot to buy the milk.
- Please stop talking. The film has started.
- I remember hearing this song at my sister's wedding.
