第 70 课 · 第 6 阶段: 动词句型
-ing 还是 to：remember, forget, stop, try, need
中级-ing or to: remember, forget, stop, try, need
构成与用法
remember doing vs remember to do——接 -ing 或 to 时意思不同的动词
1.两类动词
有些动词后面既可以接 -ing，也可以接 to + 动词。分两种情况：
- 意思会变：remember、forget、regret、stop、try、go on、need——形式用错，意思就错了。
- 意思基本不变：like、love、hate、prefer、can't bear、start、begin、continue——两种形式都可以。
| 动词 | + -ing | + to V |
|---|---|---|
| remember | 记得做过的事 | 不要忘了要做的事 |
| forget | 忘记做过的事（通常用于：I'll never forget …） | 没做本该做的事 |
| regret | 后悔做了某事 | 遗憾地告知坏消息（正式：regret to say / inform / announce） |
| stop | 停止做这件事 | 停下手头的事，为了去做这件事 |
| try | 试着做某事，看看效果 | 努力去做一件难事 |
| go on | 继续做同一件事 | 接着做另一件新的事 |
| need | 需要被做（被动意义） | 主语有必要去做这件事 |
记 remember / forget / regret 的方法：-ing 往回看——动作发生在你记得、忘记或后悔之前。to 往前看——动作还没发生，在之后才做。
2.remember、forget、regret
remember：做过的事（-ing）或要做的事（to）
I remember locking the door, so don't worry.
我记得锁了门，别担心。
Remember to lock the door when you go out.
出门时记得锁门。
forget：forget + -ing 主要用在 I'll never forget… 中，或者想不起自己做过的事。忘了做某件事，几乎总是用 forget to。
I'll never forget seeing the rice terraces in Sa Pa.
我永远忘不了在沙坝看到的梯田。
Sorry, I forgot to reply to your message.
抱歉，我忘了回复你的消息。
regret：后悔过去的事（-ing），或遗憾地告知消息（to，正式）
I regret not learning to swim when I was young.
我后悔小时候没学游泳。
We regret to announce that the 9:15 train to Hue has been cancelled.
我们遗憾地通知，9:15 开往顺化的列车已经取消。
3.stop 和 go on
stop + -ing = 不再做这件事。stop + to + 动词 = 停下（正在做的事）为了去做另一件事——这里的 to 表示目的。
My dad stopped smoking five years ago.
我爸爸五年前戒烟了。
On the way to Da Lat, we stopped to buy some strawberries.
去大叻的路上，我们停下来买了些草莓。
go on + -ing = 继续做同一件事。go on + to + 动词 = 做完一件事，接着做另一件新的事。
She went on talking even after the bell rang.
铃响了，她还在说个不停。
After the introduction, the teacher went on to explain the homework.
介绍完之后，老师接着讲解了作业。
4.try、need、help
try + to + 动词 = 努力去做一件难事（可能做不成）。try + -ing = 试一试某个方法，看是否管用。
I tried to open the jar, but the lid wouldn't move.
我想打开那个罐子，可盖子怎么也拧不动。
If you can't sleep, try drinking some warm milk.
如果睡不着，试试喝点热牛奶。
need + to + 动词 = 主语必须去做。need + -ing = 需要被做，相当于 need to be + 过去分词。need + -ing 在英式英语里常用；need to be + 过去分词哪里都通用。
I need to charge my phone.
我得给手机充电了。
This shirt needs ironing.
这件衬衫需要熨一下。（= needs to be ironed）
中文说“这件衬衫需要熨”，很容易直译成 “this shirt needs to iron”。但在英语里这意味着衬衫要去熨别的东西！要用 needs ironing 或 needs to be ironed。
help 后面可以接 to + 动词，也可以接动词原形，意思一样。但 can't help + -ing = 忍不住。
Can you help me (to) carry these boxes?
你能帮我搬一下这些箱子吗？
I couldn't help smiling when I read her card.
读她的卡片时，我忍不住笑了。
5.like、love、hate、start…：意思基本不变
like、love、hate、prefer、can't bear、start、begin、continue 后面，-ing 和 to + 动词意思几乎相同。
It started raining just as we left. = It started to rain just as we left.
我们刚出门就下起雨来了。
I love cooking for my family. = I love to cook for my family.
我喜欢给家人做饭。
- 英式英语常用 like + -ing 表示喜欢、享受，用 like + to + 动词 表示你认为明智的习惯：I like to get to the airport early. 美式英语用 like + to + 动词更广泛，表示喜欢也可以用。
- would like / would love / would hate / would prefer 几乎总是接 to + 动词：Would you like to join us? 见“礼貌的愿望 ‘would like’”一课。
- prefer：prefer -ing to -ing，或 prefer to + 动词 rather than + 动词：I prefer walking to driving. / I prefer to walk rather than drive.
- start / begin / continue 后面，母语者通常避免两个 -ing 连用：It's starting to rain（比 “starting raining” 自然）。
6.常见错误
Don't forget locking the door.Don't forget to lock the door.
还没做的事 → forget to。
I remember to meet her at a party years ago.I remember meeting her at a party years ago.
回忆过去发生的事 → remember -ing。
We stopped buying some fruit on the way home.We stopped to buy some fruit on the way home.
停下来是为了买东西 → stop to。
The car needs to wash.The car needs washing. / The car needs to be washed.
车不会自己洗东西 → 被动意义。
It's starting raining.It's starting to rain.
避免两个 -ing 连用。
I'd like going to the beach this weekend.I'd like to go to the beach this weekend.
would like + to + 动词。
例句
- Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave.
- I'm sorry, I forgot to buy the milk.
- Please stop talking. The film has started.
- I remember hearing this song at my sister's wedding.
