第 73 課 · 第 6 階段: 動詞句型
“see / hear” 某人做 / 正在做某事
中級“See / hear someone do / doing”
構成與用法
see/hear/watch + 人 + 動詞或 -ing — 看到或聽到某人的動作
1.形式
在感官動詞——see、hear、watch、notice、feel、listen to——後面，可以用 賓語 + 動詞原形 或 賓語 + -ing。主動句裡沒有 to，第二個動詞不隨時態變化。
| 句型 | 含義 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| see / hear + O + V | 你看到或聽到了整個動作，從頭到尾 | I saw her park the car. |
| see / hear + O + -ing | 你看到或聽到了正在進行的動作的一部分 | I saw her parking the car. |
只有感官動詞隨時態變化；第二個動詞保持原形或 -ing：saw him leave / saw him leaving，不能說 “saw him left”。
2.什麼時候用哪種形式
1. 動詞原形——完整的動作：從開始到結束都看到或聽到了，或者是一連串先後發生的動作
I saw him get off the bus and walk into the bank.
我看見他下了公交車，走進了銀行。
We watched the sun go down over the sea.
我們看著太陽落到海里。
Did you hear the phone ring?
你聽到電話響了嗎？
2. -ing——正在進行的動作：只看到或聽到其中一部分，不一定有開頭或結尾
I heard someone singing in the shower.
我聽到有人在洗澡時唱歌。
When I walked in, I noticed two kids hiding behind the sofa.
我一進門，就發現兩個孩子正躲在沙發後面。
I could feel my heart beating fast.
我能感覺到自己的心跳得很快。
3. 很短或很長的動作：一下子就完成的動作（砰地關門、摔倒、喊一聲）通常用動詞原形；持續很久或反覆的動作通常用 -ing
I heard the door slam.
我聽到門砰的一聲關上了。
I heard the dog barking all night.
我聽見那條狗叫了一整夜。
4. smell、catch、find 接 -ing（不接動詞原形）
I can smell something burning!
我聞到有什麼東西燒焦了！
My mum caught me eating sweets before dinner.
媽媽撞見我晚飯前偷吃糖。
I found him sleeping on the sofa.
我發現他在沙發上睡著了。
3.同一個句子，兩種意思
很多時候兩種形式在語法上都對——你選哪種形式，意思就不一樣。
I watched them play the whole match.
我看完了他們整場比賽。
I watched them playing for a few minutes, then left.
我看他們打了幾分鐘，然後就走了。
I saw him cross the road.
我看見他過了馬路。（他走到了馬路對面）
I saw him crossing the road.
我看見他正在過馬路。（他正走在馬路中間）
拿不準時，問問自己：我是不是從頭到尾看到了整個動作？是 → 動詞原形。只看到一部分 → -ing。
4.更多細節
- see、hear、smell 和 feel 前面常加 can / could：I can hear the neighbours arguing again.
- 在被動語態中，to 又回來了（比較正式）：He was seen to enter the building. -ing 形式保持不變：He was seen entering the building.
- see / hear + that + 從句 意思不同：是意識到或得知某事，而不是親眼看到、親耳聽到：I saw that she was upset. / I heard that you got a new job.
- 人要用賓格：heard him singing，saw them leave（不用 he、they）。
5.常見錯誤
I saw him to leave the office.I saw him leave the office.
主動句中 see / hear 後面不加 to。
We heard her sang a beautiful song.We heard her sing a beautiful song.
第二個動詞不要用過去式。
I watched him crossed the road.I watched him cross the road.
第二個動詞不要用過去式。
I heard he singing in his room.I heard him singing in his room.
要用賓格（him）。
I can smell something burn.I can smell something burning.
smell 接 -ing。
例句
- I heard someone shout my name, so I turned around.
- We sat by the pool and watched them playing in the water.
- Did you actually see him take the money? I need to know if he took it.
- I can hear somebody knocking at the door. Can you open it?
