第 72 課 · 第 6 階段: 動詞句型
“make / let” 某人做某事
中級“Make / let” someone do
構成與用法
make/let + 人 + 動詞 — 使某人或允許某人做某事
1.形式
make / let + 賓語 + 動詞原形（不帶 to）。make = 強迫或使得；let = 允許。過去式：make → made，let → let（不變）。
| make | let | |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定式 | My boss makes us work late. | My boss lets us work from home. |
| 否定式 | She didn't make me pay. | They don't let me stay out late. |
| 疑問式 | Did they make you wait? | Will you let me try? |
| 過去式 | made me laugh | let me go（let – let – let） |
make 和 let 是兩個常見的不帶 to 的例外。意思相近的動詞——allow、force、ask——都需要 to：allow me to go。把 make 和 let 當作一對來記。
2.什麼時候用
1. make = 強迫某人做某事——有權力的人讓別人做某事，即使對方不願意
Our teacher made us rewrite the whole essay.
老師讓我們把整篇作文重寫了一遍。
My mum makes me do my homework before dinner.
媽媽讓我晚飯前先做完作業。
2. make = 使得、導致——某件事引起某種反應，並沒有誰在強迫誰。make + 賓語 + 形容詞也很常見：The heat makes me tired.
Onions always make me cry.
洋蔥總是讓我流眼淚。
What made you decide to learn Korean?
是什麼讓你決定學韓語的？
This song makes me feel at home.
這首歌讓我有回家的感覺。
3. let = 允許某人或某物做某事——你不去阻止它
My parents let me choose my own major.
我父母讓我自己選專業。
The landlord lets us keep a cat.
房東允許我們養貓。
Don't let the rice burn!
別讓米飯燒焦了！
4. Let me… / Let's…——請求許可、主動幫忙、提出建議（Let's = let us——見“祈使句：Let's / Don't”一課）
Let me know when you get home.
到家了告訴我一聲。
Let me carry that for you.
我來幫你拿吧。
Let's take a short break.
我們休息一會兒吧。
3.與 allow、force、have、get 比較
很多意思相同的動詞需要 to。只有 make、let 和 have 接不帶 to 的動詞原形；help 兩種都可以。
| 不帶 to | 帶 to | 含義 |
|---|---|---|
| let sb do | allow / permit sb to do | 許可 |
| make sb do | force / require sb to do | 義務（force：真正的壓力） |
| have sb do | get sb to do | 安排別人去做（have：像是分派任務，美式英語常用；get：說服） |
| help sb do | help sb to do | 幫助——兩種都對 |
The guard let us take photos. = The guard allowed us to take photos.
保安允許我們拍照。
The storm forced us to cancel our trip.
暴風雨迫使我們取消了旅行。
I'll have my assistant send you the details.
我會讓我的助理把詳細資訊發給你。
I finally got my son to eat his vegetables.
我終於讓兒子把蔬菜吃了。
花錢請別人為你提供服務（理髮、修車）時，用 have / get + 物 + 過去分詞：I had my hair cut。見“‘have something done’”一課。
4.被動語態：be made to——沒有 “be let”
被動語態中，make 需要 to：be made to do。let 幾乎從不用於被動語態——改用 be allowed to。
The players were made to run extra laps after losing.
球員們輸球后被罰加跑幾圈。
Students aren't allowed to use phones during the exam.
考試期間學生不準用手機。（不說：aren't let use）
記住這一對：主動 made me go——被動 was made to go。to 在主動句裡消失，到被動句裡又回來了。
5.常見錯誤
She made me to apologise.She made me apologise.
make + 賓語 + 動詞原形，不帶 to。
My parents let me to go to the concert.My parents let me go to the concert.
let + 賓語 + 動詞原形，不帶 to。
My boss letted us leave early.My boss let us leave early.
let – let – let；不加 -ed。
We were made wait outside.We were made to wait outside.
被動：be made to + 動詞。
This film makes me crying.This film makes me cry.
make + 賓語後面用動詞原形，不用 -ing。
Mum doesn't allow me go out at night.Mum doesn't allow me to go out at night.
allow 需要 to（和 let 不同）。
例句
- My mum never lets me stay out after 10 p.m.
- Please don't let the children play near the river.
- Our teacher makes us write a story every Monday. I hate it!
- My parents let me choose my own university.
