“so … that” / “such … that”

So … that 和 such … that 的意思是“如此……以至於……”：前半部分表示程度很高，that 從句說明結果。區別在於：so 接形容詞 / 副詞，such 接名詞。

口語中經常省略 that：I was so tired I fell asleep on the bus。

看空格後面緊跟的是什麼。只有形容詞 / 副詞 → 用 so。有名詞（即使前面帶形容詞）→ 用 such。後面是可數名詞單數時，such 後面要保留 a / an。

• The test was so easy that everyone passed.

  考試太簡單了，所有人都通過了。

• It was such an easy test that everyone passed.

  這是一場非常簡單的考試，所有人都通過了。（後面有名詞 test → such an）

• The kids were so noisy that the neighbours complained.

  孩子們太吵了，鄰居都來投訴了。

• They were such noisy kids that the neighbours complained.

  他們是一群特別吵的孩子，鄰居都來投訴了。（複數 → 不加 a）

• She speaks such good English that people think she grew up in London.

  她的英語說得太好了，別人都以為她是在倫敦長大的。（English 不可數 → 不加 a）

修飾普通動詞時用 so + 副詞：He drove so carefully that…（不說：so careful）。

💡選 so 還是 such 只取決於後面跟什麼。問自己：“空格後面有沒有名詞？”有 → such (a)；沒有 → so。so + 形容詞 + a + 名詞（so good a film）這種結構也存在，但非常正式，很少用。

在表示數量的詞前面用 so，不用 such：so many / so few + 複數名詞，so much / so little + 不可數名詞。Such a lot of 兩種名詞都可以接。

• There were so many motorbikes that the traffic didn't move for an hour.

  摩托車多得要命，交通堵了整整一個小時。

• I've got so much homework that I can't go out tonight.

  我的作業太多了，今晚出不去了。

• So few students signed up that the class was cancelled.

  報名的學生太少，課程被取消了。

• We had so little time that we skipped breakfast.

  我們時間太少，只好不吃早飯。

• There was such a lot of noise that I couldn't hear the teacher.

  太吵了，我聽不見老師說話。

Very 只表示程度，後面不能接 that 從句。So … that 表示結果。Too … to 的意思是“太……而不能……”（超出可能或可接受的範圍）——見“‘too … to’ / ‘enough to’”一課。不帶 that 時，so / such 只是加強感情，語氣比 very 更強。

• The coffee was so strong that I couldn't sleep.

  咖啡太濃了，我睡不著。

• The coffee was too strong for me to drink.

  這咖啡對我來說太濃了，喝不下。

• Thanks for the flowers — you're so kind!

  謝謝你的花——你真好！

💡不要說 very … that 或 too … that：I was so hungry that I ate two bowls（不說：very hungry that / too hungry that）。

• ✗It was so a good film that I watched it twice.

  ✓It was such a good film that I watched it twice.

  後面有名詞 → such a。

• ✗The room was such cold that we wore our coats.

  ✓The room was so cold that we wore our coats.

  只有形容詞 → so。

• ✗It was such nice day that we had a picnic.

  ✓It was such a nice day that we had a picnic.

  單數名詞前要有 a。

• ✗The music was very loud that we couldn't talk.

  ✓The music was so loud that we couldn't talk.

  Very 後面不能接 that 從句。

• ✗There were so much people that we left.

  ✓There were so many people that we left.

  People 是複數 → 用 many。

• ✗She spoke so quiet that nobody heard her.

  ✓She spoke so quietly that nobody heard her.

  修飾動詞 → 用副詞。