跟读练习: B1 T2 TEST1 PART2 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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section two you'll hear a talk about the waste collection in
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baltimore first you have some time to look at questions eleven to fifteen Now,
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listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 15.
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Hi folks, my name is Loretta Johnston and I am here from the Baltimore Department of Public Waste.
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Thank you for coming out to our community meeting tonight.
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I've got a few words to say about the waste collection here in Baltimore.
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First, there's the sorted collection bins themselves.
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They're made of sturdy, solid material, so none of your trash can seep out or puncture the bin.
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Also, since these things sit out on the curb overnight, rain or shine, they have to be waterproof.
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We can't have water getting up in it and filling up the bin.
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Remember to pay attention to which bin is which and sort your waste accordingly.
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You should have a blue or green bin for recyclable garbage, a yellow bin for unrecyclable garbage, and a red bin for toxic waste.
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our city -wide waste management is divided into two services the first is commercial waste collection
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or trash collection from buildings the majority of building waste is paper
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which goes in the blue
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or green bins you'll notice in your office buildings there are signs
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that warn you not to overfill these bins All that paper adds up,
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and an overflowing bin is infinitely harder for collectors to carry to the truck and empty Aside from paper, another large source of building waste is metals
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Metals such as tin and aluminium can be put in the yellow recycle bins
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But metals like lead
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and copper should be disposed of in the red bins These heavy metals are harmful to the environment
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and exacerbate our city's existing pollution problem That's about all the information you need for building waste.
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Moving on to the second service, household waste collection is probably what you primarily think of when you think of what we do here.
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Many of the same guidelines apply.
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The sorting is the same, etc. Please remember to keep garbage like kitchen waste in a plastic bag.
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It makes collection easier and lessens the abominable rotten trash smell.
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Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 16 to 20.
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Now listen and answer questions 16 to 20.
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So, after we take your trash away, what happens to it?
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We take all the garbage to one of a number of garbage disposal plants, each of which is located in the middle of an open space of some sort.
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No one wants to have their home or office right next door to a waste disposal plant, right?
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Waste is collected and then disposed of once every four weeks.
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A lot of trash can build up in that time, so we're in the process of developing a plan to fund collection more frequently.
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Ideally, it would be collected weekly, but we will likely have to settle for bi -weekly.
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The garbage trucks make their rounds to clear the bins at night in order to avoid traffic.
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I'm sure you've seen how much waste your own household produces in a given week.
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Now imagine all the trash produced by all the households in Baltimore.
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It's a lot, right?
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It may surprise you that this amount is only marginal compared to commercial waste.
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Yep, the main waste producers are actually businesses, industrial facilities, retail and offices.
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Hard to believe humans produce that much waste, right?
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No wonder we have pollution problems.
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Anyway, after all incoming waste is sorted, recyclables are sent to a recycling plant,
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while garbage and toxic waste are transported to their respective areas of the plant for treatment.
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Items such as stones, which should not be disposed of in our bins, are separated out and discarded.
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Once the trash has undergone the treatment process, it is compacted and disposed of with all the other trash.
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And finally, when the landfill space is full, it is buried deep underground and in time something new is built on the land.
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That's everything about waste collection.
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Thank you for listening.
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Are there any questions?
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That is the end of section two.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Now turn to Section 3.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 53 个句子、710 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 5:50。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 122 个词，很适合跟读。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| trash 名词 | /tɹæʃ/ | 垃圾, 廢物 /废物 |
| bin 名词 | /ˈbɪn/ | 垃圾桶 |
| garbage 名词 | /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/ | 垃圾, 廢物 /废物 |
| collect 动词 | /ˈkɑlɪkt/ | 庋藏, 收藏 |
| toxic 形容词 | /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ | 有毒的 |
| pollution 名词 | /pəˈluʃən/ | 污染 |
| carefully 副词 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | 小心地 |
| compare 动词 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比较 |
| producer 名词 | /pɹəˈdjuːsə/ | 製作者 /制作者 |
| underground 形容词 | /ˌʌn.dəɹˈɡɹaʊnd/ | 地下 |
| copper 名词 | /ˈkɒpə/ | 銅 /铜 |
| overnight 副词 | /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/ | 通宵 |
| shine 动词 | /ʃaɪn/ | 發亮 /发亮, 照 |
| divide 动词 | /dɪˈvaɪd/ | 分, 分裂 |
| compact 形容词 | /kəmˈpækt/ | 緊湊的 /紧凑的 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| fill up 动词 | 裝滿 /装满 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is divided · can be put · should be disposed |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | you've seen · has undergone |
| 用 “should” 提建议 should + 动词 — 表示应该做的事 | should have · should be · should not be |
| “will” 表将来 will + 动词 — 决定、承诺或预测 | you'll hear · you'll notice · will likely |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 8 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you'll, can't, I'm。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: trash /tɹæʃ/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, shine /ʃaɪn/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: primarily /ˈpɹaɪ.mə.ɹə.li/, accordingly /əˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/, ideally /aɪˈdi.ə.li/, aluminium /ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.i.əm/, infinitely /ˈɪnfɪnɪtli/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 trash, bin, garbage 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。