第 107 课 · 第 9 阶段: 连接观点
“as if / as though”
中级“As if / as though”
构成与用法
as if / as though + 从句 — 好像、仿佛
1.形式
As if 和 as though 意思相同：“好像……，仿佛……”。后面接完整的从句（主语 + 动词）。as though 听起来稍微正式一点。
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| look / sound / feel / smell / taste + as if + 从句 | You look as if you need a coffee. |
| It looks / sounds / seems / feels + as if + 从句 | It sounds as if they're having a party. |
| 行为动词 + as if + 从句 | He talks as if he knows everything. |
| as if + to 不定式 / -ing（简略形式） | She nodded as if to say yes. |
| like + 从句（非正式口语） | It looks like it's going to rain. |
2.什么时候用
1. 根据看到或听到的，描述某人或某物看起来、听起来或感觉起来怎么样
You look as if you haven't slept at all.
你看起来好像一点都没睡。
This bread smells as though it's just come out of the oven.
这面包闻起来像刚出炉的。
My legs feel as if they're made of stone.
我的腿感觉像石头做的一样。
2. It looks / sounds / seems as if… —— 推测正在发生什么
It looks as if the shop is closed today.
看样子这家店今天不开门。
It seems as though nobody read my email.
好像没人看我的邮件。
3. 描述某人做事的样子
Mai walked past me as though she didn't know me.
阿梅从我身边走过，好像不认识我一样。
He's eating as if he hasn't eaten for days.
他吃得好像好几天没吃饭似的。
4. 简略形式：as if + to 不定式 / -ing
He opened his mouth as if to say something, then stopped.
他张开嘴，好像要说什么，然后又停住了。
She kept looking at the door as if expecting someone.
她一直看着门口，好像在等什么人。
5. It's not as if… = 又不是……（用来否定某个理由）
Take your time. It's not as if we're in a hurry.
慢慢来。我们又不赶时间。
3.真实还是不真实：as if 后面用什么时态
如果 as if 后面的内容可能是真的，就按实际时间用正常的时态。如果明显不是真的，可以把时态往过去退一步（和第二类条件句、wish 一样），表示不真实。
| 情况 | as if 后面的时态 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 可能是真的，现在 | 一般现在时 | He looks as if he's ill. |
| 可能是真的，刚刚发生 | 现在完成时 | You look as if you've just woken up. |
| 不是真的，现在 | 一般过去时（were / was） | He talks as if he were the boss. |
| 主句动词是过去时 | 时态后移：一般过去时 / 过去完成时 | He looked as if he hadn't slept. |
She talks about London as if she lived there, but she's never been.
她说起伦敦来好像在那儿住过一样，其实她从没去过。（不是真的 → 过去时）
My grandpa dances as if he were twenty again.
我爷爷跳起舞来好像又回到了二十岁。
The kitchen looked as though a storm had passed through it.
厨房看起来像被暴风雨扫过一样。（主句动词是过去时，事情发生得更早 → had + 过去分词）
- Were 还是 was？as if 后面所有主语都用 were 听起来更正式；was 在口语中非常常见。两种都对。
- 时态后移不是必须的：He talks as if he owns the place 也是正确的，而且很自然，即使这并不是真的。
很多学习者习惯整句都用同一个时态。当主句动词是过去时（looked、seemed、acted……）时，记得把 as if 后面的时态后移：He looked as if he had been crying（不说：has been crying）。
4.用 as if、like 还是 as？
| 后面接 | 用 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 名词 / 代词 | like | That cloud looks like a rabbit. |
| 从句 | as if / as though（非正式：like） | It looks as if it's going to snow. |
| 真实的身份或职业 | as | She works as a nurse. |
As 单独用不表示“好像”，也不要把 like 和 as if 连在一起用。口语中用 like + 从句 代替 as if 非常常见（He acts like he owns the place），但在正式书面语中要用 as if。另见“Like 与 as”一课。
“As if!” 单独使用时是非正式的感叹，意思是“不可能，想得美”：Do you think he'll say sorry? — As if!
5.常见错误
He talks like as if he knows everything.He talks as if he knows everything.
不要把 like 和 as if 放在一起。
It looks as it's going to rain.It looks as if it's going to rain.
As 单独用不表示“好像”。
She looks as if a model.She looks like a model.
名词前用 like；as if 后面要接从句。
He looked as if he has been crying.He looked as if he had been crying.
主句动词是过去时 → 时态后移。
My cat acts as if he be the king of the house.My cat acts as if he were the king of the house.
As if 后面要用完整的动词形式（were / was / is）。
He raised his hand as if ask a question.He raised his hand as if to ask a question.
简略形式：as if + to 不定式。
例句
- He talks as if he knows everything, but he's only been here a week.
- This soup tastes as if someone has put a whole bag of salt in it.
- It feels as if this summer will never end.
- Listen to that thunder! It sounds as if a storm is coming.
