第 64 课 · 第 5 阶段: 被动、转述与疑问
“have something done”
中级“Have something done”
构成与用法
have/get + 宾语 + V3 — 请别人做某事
1.形式
have + 物 + V3 表示你安排或花钱请别人做某事——不是自己做。Have 随时态变化；物和 V3 的顺序保持不变。
| 时态 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | I have my car serviced every six months. |
| 现在进行时 | We're having the kitchen painted this week. |
| 一般过去时 | Mai had her nails done yesterday. |
| 现在完成时 | Have you had your eyes tested recently? |
| 将来时 | I'm going to have my hair cut tomorrow. |
| 在情态动词后面 | You should have the brakes checked. |
| 否定句 / 疑问句 | I didn't have it repaired. / Where do you have your hair cut? |
这里的 have 是普通动词，所以疑问句和否定句用 do / does / did：Did you have your teeth checked?（不说：Had you your teeth checked?）
2.什么时候用
1. 花钱或请别人为你提供服务 —— 维修、理发、做指甲、打扫、体检……
We had the roof repaired after the storm.
暴风雨过后，我们请人修了屋顶。
Linh had her photo taken for her CV.
阿玲为了做简历去拍了证件照。
I'm too busy to clean the flat, so I have it cleaned every Friday.
我太忙了，没空打扫公寓，所以每周五请人来打扫。
2. get + 物 + V3 —— 和 have 意思相同，但更随意，口语中非常常见。Get 有时暗示你终于设法把事情办成了。
My laptop was very slow, so I got it repaired at a shop.
我的笔记本电脑很慢，所以我拿到店里修好了。
Where do you usually get your car washed?
你一般在哪儿洗车？
I finally got my visa sorted out.
我终于把签证的事办妥了。
3. 某人的东西或身体遭遇了不好的事 —— 这时主语并没有安排什么，只是受影响的人
Hung had his bike stolen outside the cinema.
阿雄的自行车在电影院外面被偷了。（这可不是阿雄安排的！）
She had her bag snatched in the street.
她的包在街上被抢了。
I cut my hair 通常表示你自己剪的头发。要说是理发师剪的，用 I had / got my hair cut（或 I got a haircut）。I repaired my bike 和 I had my bike repaired 的区别也是一样。
3.容易混淆的结构
| 句子 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| I cut my hair. | 我自己剪的头发。 |
| I had my hair cut. | 理发师给我剪的头发。 |
| I had cut my hair. | 过去完成时：我（在过去某个时刻之前）自己剪了头发。 |
| I had the barber cut my hair. | have + 人 + 动词原形：说明是谁做的（美式英语更常用）。 |
| I got my brother to cut my hair. | get + 人 + to + 动词：你说服了别人去做这件事。 |
快速判断：如果物放在 have 和 V3 之间（had my hair cut），就是别人做的；如果 V3 紧跟在 had 后面（had cut my hair），就是过去完成时。
4.常见错误
I had cut my hair at the barber's yesterday.I had my hair cut at the barber's yesterday.
物要放在 have 和 V3 之间；had cut 是过去完成时。
She's getting her jacket clean before the party.She's getting her jacket cleaned before the party.
物的后面用 V3（cleaned），不用形容词或原形。
We need to have the windows wash.We need to have the windows washed.
物的后面用 V3。
I'm going to have cut my hair this weekend.I'm going to have my hair cut this weekend.
顺序是 have + 物 + V3。
Had you your teeth checked last year?Did you have your teeth checked last year?
这里 have 是普通动词 → 用 did 提问。
I repaired my phone at a shop near my house.I had my phone repaired at a shop near my house.
是店里修的，不是你自己修的 → have + 物 + V3。
例句
- I'm going to have my hair cut tomorrow.
- We had our kitchen painted last month. It looks great now.
- You keep holding your phone so close. You should have your eyes tested.
- We had the roof repaired after the storm last week.
