تدريب Shadowing: Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 2 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

اختر وضع التدريب

كل وضع يفتح غرفة تدريب بملء الشاشة.

54 جمل
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Passage 2.
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The Step Pyramid of Joseph.
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A. The pyramids are the most famous monuments of ancient Egypt and still hold enormous interest for people in the present day.
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These grand, impressive tributes to the memory of the Egyptian kings have become linked with the country and the other cultures,
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such as the Chinese and Mayans, also built pyramids.
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The evolution of the pyramid form has been written and argued about for centuries.
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However, there is no question there, as far as Egypt is concerned.
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It began with one monument to one king designed by one brilliant architect, the step pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara.
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Djoser was the first king of the third dynasty of Egypt and the first to build in stone.
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Prior to Djoser's reign, tombs were rectangular monuments made of dried clay brick, which covered underground passages where the deceased person was buried.
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For reasons which remain unclear, Joseph's main official, whose name was Imhotep, conceived of building a taller,
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more impressive tomb for his king by stacking stone slabs on top of one another, progressively making them smaller, to form the shape now known as the Steak Pyramid.
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Joseph is thought to have reigned for 19 years, but some historians and scholars attribute a much longer time for his rule owing to the number
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and size of the monuments he built.
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See, the step pyramid has been thoroughly examined and investigated over the last century, and it is now known that the building process went through many different stages.
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Historian Mark Van de Mirab comments on this, writing much experimentation was involved,
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which is especially clear in the construction of the pyramid in the center of the complex.
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It had several plans before it became the first step pyramid in history, piling six levels on top of one another.
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The weight of the enormous mass was a challenge for the builders, who placed the stones at an inward incline in order to prevent the monument breaking up.
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When finally completed, The step pyramid rose 62 meters high and was the tallest structure of its time.
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The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests.
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It covered a region of 16 hectares and was surrounded by a wall 10.5 meters high.
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The wall had 13 false doors cut into it with only one true entrance cut into the southeast corner.
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The entire wall was then ringed by a trench 750 meters long
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and 40 meters wide the false doors in the trench were incorporated into the complex to discourage unwanted visitors
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if someone wished to enter he
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or she would have needed to know in advance how to find the location of the true opening in the wall
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Joseph was so proud of his accomplishment
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that he broke the tradition of having only his own name on the Mondini
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and had him Hotex name carved on it as well.
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E, the burial chamber of the tomb, where the king's body was laid to rest, was dug beneath the base of the pyramid,
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surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to discourage robbers robbers.
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One of the most mysterious discoveries found inside the pyramid was a large number of stone vessels.
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Over 40,000 of these vessels, of various forms and shapes, were discovered in storerooms of the pyramid's underground passages.
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They are inscribed with the names of rulers from the First
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and Second Dynasties of Egypt and made from different kinds of stone.
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There is no agreement among scholars
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and archaeologists on why the vessels were placed in the the tomb of Jozo or what they were supposed to represent.
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The archaeologist Jean-Philippe Lauer, who excavated most of the pyramid and complex,
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believes they were originally stored and then given a proper burial by Joseph in his pyramid to honor his predecessors.
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There are other historians, however, who claim the vessels were dumped into the shafts as yet
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another attempt to prevent grave robbers from getting to the king's burial chamber.
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If, unfortunately, all of the precautions
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and intricate design of the underground network did not prevent ancient robbers from finding a way in.
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Joseph's grave boots, and even his body, were stolen at some point in the past,
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and all archaeologists' starved, were a small number of his valuables overlooked by the thieves.
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There was enough left throughout the pyramid and its conflicts, however, to astonish and amaze the archaeologists who excavated it.
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G. Egyptologist Miroslav Vena writes, few monuments hold a place in human history as significant as that of the Steak Pyramid in Saqqara,
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it can be said without exaggeration
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that this pyramid complex constitutes a milestone in the evolution of monumental stone architecture in Egypt
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and in the world as a whole.
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The Steak Pyramid was a revolutionary advance in architecture
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and became the archetype which all the other great pyramid builders of Egypt would follow.
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Passage

تنزيل التطبيق

كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة

تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B2 مبني على الفيديو “Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 2”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: pyramid, Egypt, monument, stone, complex. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 54 جملة و830 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 5:01. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 165 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 74% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
pyramid اسم/ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/هَرَم
monument اسم/ˈmɑnjʊmənt/نُصُب, مَعْلَم تَذْكَارِيّ
archaeologist اسم/ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/عَالِم آثَار
robber اسم/ˈɹɑ.bɚ/سَارِق, سَارِقَة
tomb اسم/tum/قَبْر, ضَرِيح
meter اسم/ˈmitəɹ/مِقْيَاس
historian اسم/hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/مُؤَرِّخ, مُؤَرِّخَة
burial اسم/ˈbɛɹi.əl/دَفْن, تَدْفِين
trench اسم/ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/خَنْدَق, أُخْدُود
surround فعل/səˈɹaʊnd/أَحَاطَ, حَفَّ
builder اسم/ˈbɪl.dəɹ/بَنَّاء, بَنَّاءَة
scholar اسم/ˈskɑlɚ/عَالِم
reign اسم/ɹeɪ̯n/حُكْم, حُكُومَة
astonish فعل/əˈstɑnɪʃ/أَذْهَلَ
conceive فعل/kənˈsiːv/حَبِلَ

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهhas been written · was buried · is thought
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhave become · has been written · has been

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

  • أصوات “th”: thief /ˈθiːf/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/, southeast /sawˈθɪjst/
  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: astonish /əˈstɑnɪʃ/, exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, precaution /pɹiːˈkɔ.ʃən/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, historian /hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/, exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, monumental /ˌmɑnjəˈmɛntəl/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, archetype /ˈɑɹkɪtaɪp/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, precaution /pɹiːˈkɔ.ʃən/, progressively /pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪvli/
  • /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: excavate /ˈɛk.skə.veɪt/, conceive /kənˈsiːv/, progressively /pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪvli/, starve /stɑɹv/, overlook /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: monument /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/, archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, excavate /ˈɛk.skə.veɪt/, trench /ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/, surround /səˈɹaʊnd/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل pyramid, monument, archaeologist.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →