Pratique du Shadowing: Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 2 - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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Passage 2.
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The Step Pyramid of Joseph.
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A. The pyramids are the most famous monuments of ancient Egypt and still hold enormous interest for people in the present day.
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These grand, impressive tributes to the memory of the Egyptian kings have become linked with the country and the other cultures,
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such as the Chinese and Mayans, also built pyramids.
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The evolution of the pyramid form has been written and argued about for centuries.
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However, there is no question there, as far as Egypt is concerned.
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It began with one monument to one king designed by one brilliant architect, the step pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara.
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Djoser was the first king of the third dynasty of Egypt and the first to build in stone.
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Prior to Djoser's reign, tombs were rectangular monuments made of dried clay brick, which covered underground passages where the deceased person was buried.
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For reasons which remain unclear, Joseph's main official, whose name was Imhotep, conceived of building a taller,
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more impressive tomb for his king by stacking stone slabs on top of one another, progressively making them smaller, to form the shape now known as the Steak Pyramid.
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Joseph is thought to have reigned for 19 years, but some historians and scholars attribute a much longer time for his rule owing to the number
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and size of the monuments he built.
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See, the step pyramid has been thoroughly examined and investigated over the last century, and it is now known that the building process went through many different stages.
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Historian Mark Van de Mirab comments on this, writing much experimentation was involved,
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which is especially clear in the construction of the pyramid in the center of the complex.
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It had several plans before it became the first step pyramid in history, piling six levels on top of one another.
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The weight of the enormous mass was a challenge for the builders, who placed the stones at an inward incline in order to prevent the monument breaking up.
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When finally completed, The step pyramid rose 62 meters high and was the tallest structure of its time.
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The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests.
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It covered a region of 16 hectares and was surrounded by a wall 10.5 meters high.
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The wall had 13 false doors cut into it with only one true entrance cut into the southeast corner.
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The entire wall was then ringed by a trench 750 meters long
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and 40 meters wide the false doors in the trench were incorporated into the complex to discourage unwanted visitors
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if someone wished to enter he
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or she would have needed to know in advance how to find the location of the true opening in the wall
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Joseph was so proud of his accomplishment
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that he broke the tradition of having only his own name on the Mondini
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and had him Hotex name carved on it as well.
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E, the burial chamber of the tomb, where the king's body was laid to rest, was dug beneath the base of the pyramid,
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surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to discourage robbers robbers.
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One of the most mysterious discoveries found inside the pyramid was a large number of stone vessels.
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Over 40,000 of these vessels, of various forms and shapes, were discovered in storerooms of the pyramid's underground passages.
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They are inscribed with the names of rulers from the First
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and Second Dynasties of Egypt and made from different kinds of stone.
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There is no agreement among scholars
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and archaeologists on why the vessels were placed in the the tomb of Jozo or what they were supposed to represent.
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The archaeologist Jean-Philippe Lauer, who excavated most of the pyramid and complex,
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believes they were originally stored and then given a proper burial by Joseph in his pyramid to honor his predecessors.
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There are other historians, however, who claim the vessels were dumped into the shafts as yet
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another attempt to prevent grave robbers from getting to the king's burial chamber.
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If, unfortunately, all of the precautions
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and intricate design of the underground network did not prevent ancient robbers from finding a way in.
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Joseph's grave boots, and even his body, were stolen at some point in the past,
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and all archaeologists' starved, were a small number of his valuables overlooked by the thieves.
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There was enough left throughout the pyramid and its conflicts, however, to astonish and amaze the archaeologists who excavated it.
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G. Egyptologist Miroslav Vena writes, few monuments hold a place in human history as significant as that of the Steak Pyramid in Saqqara,
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it can be said without exaggeration
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that this pyramid complex constitutes a milestone in the evolution of monumental stone architecture in Egypt
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and in the world as a whole.
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The Steak Pyramid was a revolutionary advance in architecture
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and became the archetype which all the other great pyramid builders of Egypt would follow.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 2 ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : pyramid, Egypt, monument, stone, complex. Cette vidéo contient 54 phrases et 830 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:01. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 165 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 74 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
pyramid nom/ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/pyramide
monument nom/ˈmɑnjʊmənt/monument, mémorial
archaeologist nom/ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/archéologue, archéologiste
robber nom/ˈɹɑ.bɚ/brigand, bandit
tomb nom/tum/tombeau, tombe
meter nom/ˈmitəɹ/mètre, compteur
historian nom/hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/historien, historienne
burial nom/ˈbɛɹi.əl/enterrement, inhumation
excavate verbe/ˈɛk.skə.veɪt/excaver
discourage verbe/dɪsˈkɝɪd͡ʒ/décourager
trench nom/ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/tranchée, fossé
surround verbe/səˈɹaʊnd/entourer, cerner
builder nom/ˈbɪl.dəɹ/constructeur, constructrice
scholar nom/ˈskɑlɚ/étudiant
reign nom/ɹeɪ̯n/règne

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
break up verberompre, couper
go through verbetraverser

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faithas been written · was buried · is thought
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenanthave become · has been written · has been

Prononciation à surveiller

  • Les sons « th »: thief /ˈθiːf/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/, southeast /sawˈθɪjst/
  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: astonish /əˈstɑnɪʃ/, exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, precaution /pɹiːˈkɔ.ʃən/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, historian /hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/, exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/, experimentation /ɪkˌspɛɹ.ə.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/, monumental /ˌmɑnjəˈmɛntəl/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: historian /hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/, hectare /ˈhɛk.tɛɹ/
  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, discourage /dɪsˈkɝɪd͡ʒ/, trench /ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃ/, exaggeration /ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, robber /ˈɹɑ.bɚ/, meter /ˈmitəɹ/, historian /hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme pyramid, monument, archaeologist.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →