Shadowing Practice: RE2 Unit 11B - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Track 22, Reading 11B The Limits of Lying Lying is a part of human nature, but how far will people go?

Psychologist Dan Ariely became interested in dishonesty about 15 years ago.

During a long -distance flight, he came across an IQ test in a magazine.

He answered the first question and checked the answer key to see if he got it right.

He then took a quick look at the next answer before looking back at the quiz.

He continued in this way through the whole test.

Not surprisingly, he scored very well.

When I finished, I thought, I cheated myself, he says.

So why did he do it?

Presumably, I wanted to know how smart I am, but I also wanted to prove I'm this smart to myself.

The experience led Ariely to develop a lifelong interest in the study of lying and other forms of dishonesty.

To find out more about lying habits, Ariely developed a series of studies known as the Matrix Experiments.

In the experiments, volunteers completed a test with 20 simple math problems.

They were given five minutes to solve as many as they could.

For each correct answer, they were told they would receive a sum of money.

When the time was up, the volunteers counted the number of problems they solved correctly.

They were then asked to destroy their answer sheets in a shredder.

After reporting their own test scores, they were paid accordingly.

However, there was something the volunteers didn't know.

Their answer sheets were never actually destroyed.

By comparing actual test scores to reported scores, Ariely's research team found out how many volunteers lied and how much they lied by.

The results?

Of the 40 ,000 people who participated in the experiment, nearly 70 % lied about their test score.

On average, volunteers said they solved six problems, but it was closer to four.

The results are similar across different cultures.

Most of us lie, but only a little.

The question Ariely finds most interesting is not why so many of us lie, but rather why we don't lie a lot more.

In one version of the experiment, participants were offered significantly more money for each correct answer.

However, this did not cause them to cheat more.

Here we give people a chance to steal lots of money, and people cheat only a little bit

so something stops us most of us from not lying all the way arieli says the reason he believes is

that we want to see ourselves as honest because honesty is a value taught to us by society

this is why most of us place limits on how much

we lie we may be able to come up with an

excuse for taking post -it notes from an office fairly easily

but it is much more difficult to come up with an excuse for taking $10 ,000, Ariely explains.

The extent of our lying is determined largely by what is acceptable by society.

Cheating is easier, he says, when we can justify our behaviour.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “RE2 Unit 11B”. Las palabras que más se repiten: lying, answer, test, Ariely, volunteers. Este vídeo tiene 38 frases y 500 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:20. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 150 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. El 83 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
volunteer sustantivo	/ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/	voluntario
experiment sustantivo	/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/	experimento
cheat verbo	/ˈt͡ʃiːt/	enfullar, machetear
solve verbo	/sɒlv/	resolver, solucionar
sheet sustantivo	/ʃit/	hoja, folio
extent sustantivo	/ɪkˈstɛnt/	extensión
compare verbo	/kəmˈpɛɚ/	comparar, parangonar
math sustantivo	/mæθ/	mate, mates
participate verbo	/pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/	participar
steal verbo	/stiːl/	robar, shacar
acceptable adjetivo	/əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/	aceptable, asumible
habit sustantivo	/ˈhæb.ɪt/	costumbre, hábito
correctly adverbio	/kəˈɹɛk(t).li/	correctamente
justify verbo	/ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪ/	legitimar, justificar
surprisingly adverbio	/səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/	sorprendentemente, sorpresivamente

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Significado
come up with verbo	ingeniar, ingeniarse
find out verbo	averiguar, anoticiarse
come across verbo	pasarse a

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 3 contracciones y formas reducidas, como didn't, don't, I'm. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: sheet /ʃit/, shredder /ʃɹɛdə(ɹ)/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, acceptable /əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, presumably /pɹɪˈzuːməbli/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

/v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: volunteer /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/, solve /sɒlv/
/z/ — sonora, no /s/: surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, presumably /pɹɪˈzuːməbli/, quiz /kwɪz/
/dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: justify /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪ/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como volunteer, experiment, cheat.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →

Shadowing Practice: RE2 Unit 11B - Learn English Speaking with Video

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