Shadowing Practice: Thich Nhat Hanh on Buddhist Essentials: What is Nirvana - Learn English Speaking with Video
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In Buddhism, we speak of Nirvana, which is the cessation of all suffering.
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Nirvana, first of all, it means the cessation, the extinction of all suffering.
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But our suffering comes from our wrong perceptions, avidya, misunderstanding.
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And that is why the practice of meditation, the practice of looking deeply,
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has the purpose of removing wrong perceptions from us.
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If we are able to remove our wrong perceptions,
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we will be able to be free from the afflictions and the sufferings that always arise from wrong perceptions.
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You have wrong perception on yourself and on the other, and the other has wrong perception on themselves and on you.
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And that is the cause of fear, of violence, of hatred.
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That is why trying to remove wrong perceptions is the only way to peace.
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And that is why Nirvana is first of all the removal of wrong perceptions.
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And when you remove wrong perceptions, you remove the suffering.
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And to meditate deeply, you find out that even ideas like a being and non-being,
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birth and death, coming and going are wrong ideas.
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If you can touch reality in depth,
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you realize that suchness, means the ultimate reality is free from birth,
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from dying, from coming, from going, from being, from non-being.
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That is why nirvana is first of all the removal of notions of ideas that serve the base of misunderstanding and suffering.
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If you are afraid of death,
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of nothingness, of non-being, because we have wrong perceptions on death and on non-being.
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The French scientist Lavoisier said there is no birth, there is no death.
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He just observed reality around him and come to the conclusion that rien ne se cre, rien ne se pe.
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When you look at a cloud, you think that the cloud as a being, and later on when the cloud becomes the rain,
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you don't see the cloud anymore and you say the cloud is not there, and you describe the cloud as non-being.
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But if you look deeply, you can see the cloud in the rain.
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And that is why it's impossible for a cloud to die.
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A cloud can become rain, or snow, or ice, but the cloud cannot become nothing.
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And that is why the notion of death cannot be applied to reality.
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There is a transformation, there is a continuation.
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But you cannot say that there is death, because in your mind, to die means from something, you suddenly become nothing.
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From someone, you suddenly become no one.
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And so the notion of death cannot apply to reality, whether to a cloud or to a human being.
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The Buddha did not die.
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The Buddha only continued by his Sangha, by his Dharma, and you can touch the Buddha in the here and the now.
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And that is why ideas like being born,
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dying, coming, and going, being and non-being should be removed by the practice of looking deeply.
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And when you can remove these notions, you are free and you have non-fear.
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And non-fear is the true foundation of great happiness.
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As far as fear is there in your heart, happiness cannot be perfect.
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And that is why Nirvana is not something that you get in the future.
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Nirvana is the capacity of removing wrong notions,
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wrong perceptions, which is the practice of freedom.
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Nirvana can be translated as freedom, freedom from views.
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And in Buddhism, all views are wrong views.
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When you get in touch with reality, you no longer have views,
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you have wisdom, you have a direct encounter with reality, and that is no longer called views.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau C1 is gebaseerd op de video “Thich Nhat Hanh on Buddhist Essentials: What is Nirvana”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: perception, cloud, nirvana, reality, suffering. Deze video bevat 46 zinnen en 606 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 5:03. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 120 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. 85% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 12 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| nirvana zelfstandig naamwoord | /nɪɹˈvɑ.nə/ | nirwana |
| cessation zelfstandig naamwoord | /sɛˈseɪʃən/ | beëindiging |
| misunderstand werkwoord | /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/ | misverstaan |
| affliction zelfstandig naamwoord | /əˈflɪk.ʃən/ | lijden, pijn |
| meditate werkwoord | /ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/ | mediteren |
| continuation zelfstandig naamwoord | /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ | voortzetting, hervatting |
| extinction zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/ | uitsterven |
| translate werkwoord | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | vertalen, overzetten |
| arise werkwoord | /əˈɹaɪz/ | ontstaan |
| meditation zelfstandig naamwoord | /mɛdɪˈteɪʃn̩/ | meditatie, overpeinzing |
| hatred zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈheɪtɹɪd/ | haat |
| observe werkwoord | /əbˈzɜːv/ | respecteren, in acht nemen |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| find out werkwoord | ontdekken, onderzoeken |
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | cannot be applied · being born · should be removed |
| Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of ding | Nirvana, which is · perceptions, which is |
Uitspraak om op te letten
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: cessation /sɛˈseɪʃən/, affliction /əˈflɪk.ʃən/, continuation /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/, extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/, meditation /mɛdɪˈteɪʃn̩/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, continuation /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, arise /əˈɹaɪz/, hatred /ˈheɪtɹɪd/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als nirvana, cessation, misunderstand.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.