Shadowing Practice: Thich Nhat Hanh on Buddhist Essentials: What is Nirvana - Learn English Speaking with Video
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In Buddhism, we speak of Nirvana, which is the cessation of all suffering.
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Nirvana, first of all, it means the cessation, the extinction of all suffering.
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But our suffering comes from our wrong perceptions, avidya, misunderstanding.
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And that is why the practice of meditation, the practice of looking deeply,
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has the purpose of removing wrong perceptions from us.
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If we are able to remove our wrong perceptions,
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we will be able to be free from the afflictions and the sufferings that always arise from wrong perceptions.
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You have wrong perception on yourself and on the other, and the other has wrong perception on themselves and on you.
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And that is the cause of fear, of violence, of hatred.
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That is why trying to remove wrong perceptions is the only way to peace.
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And that is why Nirvana is first of all the removal of wrong perceptions.
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And when you remove wrong perceptions, you remove the suffering.
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And to meditate deeply, you find out that even ideas like a being and non-being,
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birth and death, coming and going are wrong ideas.
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If you can touch reality in depth,
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you realize that suchness, means the ultimate reality is free from birth,
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from dying, from coming, from going, from being, from non-being.
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That is why nirvana is first of all the removal of notions of ideas that serve the base of misunderstanding and suffering.
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If you are afraid of death,
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of nothingness, of non-being, because we have wrong perceptions on death and on non-being.
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The French scientist Lavoisier said there is no birth, there is no death.
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He just observed reality around him and come to the conclusion that rien ne se cre, rien ne se pe.
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When you look at a cloud, you think that the cloud as a being, and later on when the cloud becomes the rain,
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you don't see the cloud anymore and you say the cloud is not there, and you describe the cloud as non-being.
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But if you look deeply, you can see the cloud in the rain.
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And that is why it's impossible for a cloud to die.
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A cloud can become rain, or snow, or ice, but the cloud cannot become nothing.
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And that is why the notion of death cannot be applied to reality.
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There is a transformation, there is a continuation.
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But you cannot say that there is death, because in your mind, to die means from something, you suddenly become nothing.
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From someone, you suddenly become no one.
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And so the notion of death cannot apply to reality, whether to a cloud or to a human being.
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The Buddha did not die.
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The Buddha only continued by his Sangha, by his Dharma, and you can touch the Buddha in the here and the now.
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And that is why ideas like being born,
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dying, coming, and going, being and non-being should be removed by the practice of looking deeply.
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And when you can remove these notions, you are free and you have non-fear.
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And non-fear is the true foundation of great happiness.
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As far as fear is there in your heart, happiness cannot be perfect.
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And that is why Nirvana is not something that you get in the future.
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Nirvana is the capacity of removing wrong notions,
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wrong perceptions, which is the practice of freedom.
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Nirvana can be translated as freedom, freedom from views.
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And in Buddhism, all views are wrong views.
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When you get in touch with reality, you no longer have views,
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you have wisdom, you have a direct encounter with reality, and that is no longer called views.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “Thich Nhat Hanh on Buddhist Essentials: What is Nirvana”. Las palabras que más se repiten: perception, cloud, nirvana, reality, suffering. Este vídeo tiene 46 frases y 606 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:03. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 120 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 85 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 12 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| nirvana sustantivo | /nɪɹˈvɑ.nə/ | nirvana |
| cessation sustantivo | /sɛˈseɪʃən/ | cese, cesación |
| misunderstand verbo | /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/ | malentender, tomarlo mal (a) |
| affliction sustantivo | /əˈflɪk.ʃən/ | aflicción, quebranto |
| meditate verbo | /ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/ | meditar |
| nothingness sustantivo | nihilidad | |
| continuation sustantivo | /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ | continuación, continuamiento |
| extinction sustantivo | /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/ | extinción |
| translate verbo | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | traducir, trasladar |
| arise verbo | /əˈɹaɪz/ | surgir, provenir |
| hatred sustantivo | /ˈheɪtɹɪd/ | odio |
| observe verbo | /əbˈzɜːv/ | servar, observar |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | averiguar, anoticiarse |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | cannot be applied · being born · should be removed |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | Nirvana, which is · perceptions, which is |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: cessation /sɛˈseɪʃən/, affliction /əˈflɪk.ʃən/, continuation /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/, extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/, meditation /mɛdɪˈteɪʃn̩/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, continuation /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: nirvana /nɪɹˈvɑ.nə/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, arise /əˈɹaɪz/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como nirvana, cessation, misunderstand.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.