Prática de Shadowing: How to Stop Feeling Nostalgic for an Ex - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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After considerable agony, we've left a relationship.
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We're on our own now, and when we can bear to be honest, it is a little bit harder than we expected.
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We aren't going on so many dates.
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The central heating broke down last week.
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The shopping is proving a hurdle.
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In idle moments, we find ourselves daydreaming, returning fondly to certain occasions in the recently concluded relationship.
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There was that wintry weekend by the sea.
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They looked adorable walking on the beach in their thick scarf.
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We fed seagulls and drank cheap wine from paper cups on the sea front and felt connected and happy.
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We're newly conscious of the charm of so many things that seemed ordinary at the time.
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Coming out of the supermarket, putting everything away in the fridge and cupboards, making soup and toasted cheese and watching TV on the sofa.
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With these thoughts in mind, we feel weepy and tender and at points distinctly tempted to call the ex up again.
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They would, we suspect, allow us back or at least give us a hearing.
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What can we make of our feelings?
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It might be that we have realised a genuine mistake.
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But it is even more likely
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that we are in the grip of a characteristic mental habit of the newly single facing the vertigo of independence.
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Nostalgia.
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In the middle of the 19th century, Britain underwent industrial and scientific revolutions that transformed old, settled ways of life, ripping apart communities,
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throwing people together in large and anonymous cities and dislocating the loyalties and certainties once offered by religion.
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In a search for ways to soften the confusion, artists and thinkers began to imagine what a better world might look like,
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and in certain circles, the search turned towards the past, and more specifically, towards the perceived wisdom,
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coherence and contentment of the Middle Ages.
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While railway lines were being laid down across the land and telegraph cables under the seas, members of the artistic class celebrated the simple,
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innocent communities that they proposed had existed in the 12th and 13th centuries.
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Artworks depicted handsome, uneducated but happy labourers,
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cheerful villagers celebrating harvests and kindly lords and ladies ministering to the deserving poor.
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There seemed to be no violence, alienation, fear or cruelty.
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No one minded not having much heating or subsisting on a meagre diet of oats and the odd piece of lard.
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It had, it was alleged, been very much easier back then in the thatched cottages and pious stone churches.
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At the heart of the nostalgic attitude is a disregard for why things ever changed and might have needed to do so.
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For the nostalgic, the past never required alteration or development history moved on but for no sane reason.
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The complexities of the present moment are in this sense deemed wholly accidental.
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They are not the tricky by-products of a legitimate search for growth and progress, away from what must have been at some level, despite the odd delightful occasion,
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perhaps at harvest time or on a midsummer morning, an intolerable previous arrangement.
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The nostalgic can't accept that the present, whatever its faults, came about because of inescapable difficulties with the past.
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They insist that we had already once been perfectly happy, then mysteriously changed everything for the worse because we forgot we had been so.
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Relationships can find us reasoning no less selectively.
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Here too, it can feel as if we must once have been content and then grew ungrateful through error and inattention.
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Yet, in locating profound satisfaction in the past, we are crediting our earlier selves with too little acumen.
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The truth about what a relationship is like
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is best ascertained not when we are feeling low six months or a few years after its conclusion,
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but from what we must have known when we were in its midst,
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when we were most familiar with all the facts upon which we made our slow and deliberate decision to leave.
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The specific grounds for our dissatisfactions tend to evaporate.
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We edit out the rows, the botched trips, the sexual frustrations, the stubborn standoffs.
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The mind is a squeamish organ.
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It doesn't like to entertain bad news unless there is a highly present danger to be attended to.
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But knowing our amnesiac tendencies, we can be certain that profound unpleasantness must have existed,
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for there would otherwise have been no explanation for our decision to rip our relationship apart.
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We would never have needed to act
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if things had ever remotely been as gratifying as we are now nostalgically assuming they were.
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The portrait we are painting of our relationship is emerging not from knowledge but from loneliness and apprehension.
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Furthermore, our sense of ourselves as people who could be satisfied
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with what was on offer is as untrue to our own
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nature as is the fantasy of a modern urban dweller who dreams they might find enduring happiness in a medieval-style wooden hut.
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The solution to the problem of satisfying our needs is not to hallucinate that they don't exist.
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It is to square up to them and use every ingenuity we are capable of to devise workable solutions for them.
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We should trust not what we feel now, in our weepy, disconsolate state, but what we must have known then.
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A simple rule of thumb emerges.
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We must invariably trust the decisions we took when we had the maximal information to hand upon which we made them,
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not when we have emotional incentives to change our minds and mould ourselves into a caricature of an easily gratified creature.
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There were persuasive reasons, even if, in our sadness, we now can't remember a single one.
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Returning to the past wouldn't make us content.
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It would merely, at great cost to all involved, remind us of why change was, in the end, so necessary.
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We need to accept that good things did exist, but that they were no proper solution to certain of our well-founded needs.
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It means accepting that we are as complicated
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and as difficult to satisfy as we are and
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that the way forward is to accept our characters rather than assume a simplicity we could never live up to.
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We should have the courage of, and be ready to pay the full price for, our true complex natures.
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Love is a skill that we can learn.
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Our Relationships book calmly guides us with calm and charm
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through the key issues of relationships to ensure that success in love need not be a matter of good luck.
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For more, click the link now.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 74 frases e 1099 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 7:21. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 149 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 79% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| satisfy verbo | /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ | satisfazer |
| newly advérbio | /ˈnuli/ | recém- |
| occasion substantivo | /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/ | ocasião |
| charm substantivo | /t͡ʃɑɹm/ | fetiche, feitiço |
| harvest substantivo | /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ | colheita |
| profound adjetivo | /pɹəˈfaʊnd/ | profundo |
| emerge verbo | /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ | emergir |
| complicated adjetivo | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | complicado |
| railway substantivo | /ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/ | ferrovia |
| thick adjetivo | /θɪk/ | espesso, grosso |
| innocent adjetivo | /ˈɪnəsənt/ | inocente |
| explanation substantivo | /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ | explicação, explanação |
| happiness substantivo | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | felicidade, alegria |
| ordinary adjetivo | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | ordinário, normal |
| skill substantivo | /skɪl/ | habilidade, talento |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| lay down verbo | desistir, recuar |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 9 contrações e formas reduzidas, como can't, we're, aren't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: thick /θɪk/, furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ)ˌmɔː(ɹ)/, thumb /ˈθʌm/, thatch /θæt͡ʃ/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: occasion /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, considerable /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como satisfy, newly, occasion.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | we've left · have realised · have been |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | being laid · was alleged · be attended |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.