ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: CAE TEST3 PART2
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60 ประโยค
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1
Part 2.
2
You'll hear a short radio report about how technology is helping
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archaeologists who want to learn more about some texts written over 2 ,000 years ago known as Roman tablets.
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For questions 7 to 14, complete the sentences.
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You now have 45 seconds to look at Part 2.
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Thank you.
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At the time of the Roman Empire in Europe, around 2000 years ago, it was common for information to be written not on paper, but on things called tablets.
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These were pieces of wood about the size and thickness of a typical modern envelope.
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Hundreds of such tablets have been unearthed from archaeological sites throughout Europe and the Mediterranean world.
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Nearly 200 were found in one Roman fort alone.
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And like most of these discoveries, they have been placed in public collections, mainly in museums in northern Europe,
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to be viewed, but not, unfortunately, to be read.
13
This is because, although in some cases traces of writing can still be seen, most are now illegible to the naked eye.
14
But that's all soon to change, because archaeologists hope that with the help of new technology, their secrets may soon be revealed.
15
Many of the tablets took the form of legal documents and letters written by Roman soldiers.
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An example, now at the British Museum, bears the name of the person who wrote it and the name of the person who received it,
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plus the word transportation, which you can just make out.
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But the rest remains a mystery.
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Now, with the help of computer techniques, experts hope eventually to be able to read the whole letter.
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Professor Mike Brady, a leading figure in what's known as computer vision for many years, admits that this is the hardest project he's ever worked on.
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But the excitement of seeing the latest ideas in computing applied to such a very ancient problem has the archaeological community buzzing.
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So, in simple terms, why has the writing been preserved?
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And how will it be possible to undo the ageing process?
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Well, the tablets were made with thin, hollow panels cut across them.
25
Wax was poured into these, and the text was then written into this soft surface, using an instrument with a fine metal point.
26
In virtually all cases, the wax has perished, and all that can be detected on the surface of the tablet underneath are scratches.
27
These are too faint to be read, because they are distorted.
28
For some time, scientists have attempted to study them with laser photography, but this has proved fruitless.
29
However, it is now hoped that by enhancing images of the tablets on computer, their original messages will become legible again.
30
If this is the case, a whole new source of historical information will be opened up, and this promises advances and new knowledge for many decades to come.
31
The new technology has already been used on texts in ink as well, and in the future it will be applied to damaged surfaces of many kinds.
32
Now you'll hear the recording again.
33
At the time of the Roman Empire in Europe, around 2 ,000 years ago, it was common for information to be written not on paper, but on things called tablets.
34
These were pieces of wood about the size and thickness of a typical modern envelope.
35
Hundreds of such tablets have been unearthed from archaeological sites throughout Europe and the Mediterranean world.
36
Nearly 200 were found in one Roman fort alone
37
and like most of these discoveries they have been placed in
38
public collections mainly in museums in northern Europe to be viewed
39
but not unfortunately to be read this is
40
because although in some cases traces of writing can still be seen most are now illegible to the naked eye
41
But that's all soon to change, because archaeologists hope that with the help of new technology, their secrets may soon be revealed.
42
Many of the tablets took the form of legal documents and letters written by Roman soldiers.
43
An example, now at the British Museum, bears the name of the person who wrote it and the name of the person who received it,
44
plus the word transportation, which you can just make out.
45
But the rest remains a mystery.
46
Now, with the help of computer techniques, experts hope eventually to be able to read the whole letter.
47
Professor Mike Brady, a leading figure in what's known as computer vision for many years, admits that this is the hardest project he's ever worked on.
48
But the excitement of seeing the latest ideas in computing applied to such a very ancient problem has the archaeological community buzzing.
49
So, in simple terms, why has the writing been preserved?
50
And how will it be possible to undo the ageing process?
51
Well, the tablets were made with thin, hollow panels cut across them.
52
Wax was poured into these, and the text was then written into this soft surface, using an instrument with a fine metal point.
53
In virtually all cases, the wax has perished, and all that can be detected on the surface of the tablet underneath are scratches.
54
These are too faint to be read, because they are distorted.
55
For some time, scientists have attempted to study them with laser photography, but this has proved fruitless.
56
However, it is now hoped that by enhancing images of the tablets on computer, their original messages will become legible again.
57
If this is the case, a whole new source of historical information will be opened up, and this promises advances and new knowledge for many decades to come.
58
The new technology has already been used on texts in ink as well, and in the future it will be applied to damaged surfaces of many kinds.
59
That's the end of part two.
60
Now turn to part three.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “CAE TEST3 PART2”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: tablet, Roman, written, surface, computer. This video has 60 sentences and 952 words to shadow. The speech runs for 7:02. The speaker talks at a steady 135 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 85% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| tablet noun | /ˈtæblət/ | A slab of clay, stone or wood used for inscription. |
| archaeological adjective | Relating to the science or research of archaeology. | |
| archaeologist noun | /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/ | Someone who studies or practises archaeology. |
| compute verb | /kəmˈpjuːt/ | To reckon, calculate. |
| distort verb | /dɪsˈtɔːt/ | To bring something out of shape, to misshape. |
| fruitless adjective | /ˈfɹuːtləs/ | Bearing no fruit; barren. |
| illegible adjective | /ɪˈlɛd͡ʒəbəl/ | Not clear enough to be read; unreadable; not legible or decipherable. |
| legible adjective | /ˈlɛd͡ʒəbl/ | Clear enough to be read; readable, particularly of handwriting. |
| perish verb | /ˈpɛɹɪʃ/ | To decay and disappear; to waste away to nothing. |
| unearth verb | /ʌnˈɜː(ɹ)θ/ | To drive or draw from the earth. |
| undo verb | /ʌnˈduː/ | To reverse the effects of an action. |
| litter noun | /ˈlɪt.ɚ/ | Straw, grass, and similar loose material used as bedding for people or animals. |
| thickness noun | /ˈθɪknəs/ | The property of being thick (in dimension). |
| faint adjective | /feɪnt/ | Lacking strength; weak; languid; inclined to lose consciousness |
| envelope noun | /ˈɛnvə(ˌ)loʊp/ | A paper or cardboard wrapper used to enclose small, flat items, especially letters, for mailing. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| cut across verb | To take a shortcut over or through (a place). | |
| make out verb | /meɪk aʊt/ | To draw up (a document etc.), to designate (a cheque). |
| open up verb | To open. | |
| write over verb | To save a piece of data in place of other data; to overwrite. |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | have been unearthed · have been placed · has perished |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | be written · have been unearthed · were found |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | person who wrote |
Pronunciation to watch
- The “th” sounds: unearth /ʌnˈɜː(ɹ)θ/, thickness /ˈθɪknəs/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
- Long words — get the stress right: archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, illegible /ɪˈlɛd͡ʒəbəl/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like tablet, archaeological, archaeologist.
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ