第 107 課 · 第 9 階段: 連線觀點
“as if / as though”
中級“As if / as though”
構成與用法
as if / as though + 從句 — 好像、彷彿
1.形式
As if 和 as though 意思相同：“好像……，彷彿……”。後面接完整的從句（主語 + 動詞）。as though 聽起來稍微正式一點。
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| look / sound / feel / smell / taste + as if + 從句 | You look as if you need a coffee. |
| It looks / sounds / seems / feels + as if + 從句 | It sounds as if they're having a party. |
| 行為動詞 + as if + 從句 | He talks as if he knows everything. |
| as if + to 不定式 / -ing（簡略形式） | She nodded as if to say yes. |
| like + 從句（非正式口語） | It looks like it's going to rain. |
2.什麼時候用
1. 根據看到或聽到的，描述某人或某物看起來、聽起來或感覺起來怎麼樣
You look as if you haven't slept at all.
你看起來好像一點都沒睡。
This bread smells as though it's just come out of the oven.
這麵包聞起來像剛出爐的。
My legs feel as if they're made of stone.
我的腿感覺像石頭做的一樣。
2. It looks / sounds / seems as if… —— 推測正在發生什麼
It looks as if the shop is closed today.
看樣子這家店今天不開門。
It seems as though nobody read my email.
好像沒人看我的郵件。
3. 描述某人做事的樣子
Mai walked past me as though she didn't know me.
阿梅從我身邊走過，好像不認識我一樣。
He's eating as if he hasn't eaten for days.
他吃得好像好幾天沒吃飯似的。
4. 簡略形式：as if + to 不定式 / -ing
He opened his mouth as if to say something, then stopped.
他張開嘴，好像要說什麼，然後又停住了。
She kept looking at the door as if expecting someone.
她一直看著門口，好像在等什麼人。
5. It's not as if… = 又不是……（用來否定某個理由）
Take your time. It's not as if we're in a hurry.
慢慢來。我們又不趕時間。
3.真實還是不真實：as if 後面用什麼時態
如果 as if 後面的內容可能是真的，就按實際時間用正常的時態。如果明顯不是真的，可以把時態往過去退一步（和第二類條件句、wish 一樣），表示不真實。
| 情況 | as if 後面的時態 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 可能是真的，現在 | 一般現在時 | He looks as if he's ill. |
| 可能是真的，剛剛發生 | 現在完成時 | You look as if you've just woken up. |
| 不是真的，現在 | 一般過去時（were / was） | He talks as if he were the boss. |
| 主句動詞是過去時 | 時態後移：一般過去時 / 過去完成時 | He looked as if he hadn't slept. |
She talks about London as if she lived there, but she's never been.
她說起倫敦來好像在那兒住過一樣，其實她從沒去過。（不是真的 → 過去時）
My grandpa dances as if he were twenty again.
我爺爺跳起舞來好像又回到了二十歲。
The kitchen looked as though a storm had passed through it.
廚房看起來像被暴風雨掃過一樣。（主句動詞是過去時，事情發生得更早 → had + 過去分詞）
- Were 還是 was？as if 後面所有主語都用 were 聽起來更正式；was 在口語中非常常見。兩種都對。
- 時態後移不是必須的：He talks as if he owns the place 也是正確的，而且很自然，即使這並不是真的。
很多學習者習慣整句都用同一個時態。當主句動詞是過去時（looked、seemed、acted……）時，記得把 as if 後面的時態後移：He looked as if he had been crying（不說：has been crying）。
4.用 as if、like 還是 as？
| 後面接 | 用 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 名詞 / 代詞 | like | That cloud looks like a rabbit. |
| 從句 | as if / as though（非正式：like） | It looks as if it's going to snow. |
| 真實的身份或職業 | as | She works as a nurse. |
As 單獨用不表示“好像”，也不要把 like 和 as if 連在一起用。口語中用 like + 從句 代替 as if 非常常見（He acts like he owns the place），但在正式書面語中要用 as if。另見“Like 與 as”一課。
“As if!” 單獨使用時是非正式的感嘆，意思是“不可能，想得美”：Do you think he'll say sorry? — As if!
5.常見錯誤
He talks like as if he knows everything.He talks as if he knows everything.
不要把 like 和 as if 放在一起。
It looks as it's going to rain.It looks as if it's going to rain.
As 單獨用不表示“好像”。
She looks as if a model.She looks like a model.
名詞前用 like；as if 後面要接從句。
He looked as if he has been crying.He looked as if he had been crying.
主句動詞是過去時 → 時態後移。
My cat acts as if he be the king of the house.My cat acts as if he were the king of the house.
As if 後面要用完整的動詞形式（were / was / is）。
He raised his hand as if ask a question.He raised his hand as if to ask a question.
簡略形式：as if + to 不定式。
例句
- He talks as if he knows everything, but he's only been here a week.
- This soup tastes as if someone has put a whole bag of salt in it.
- It feels as if this summer will never end.
- Listen to that thunder! It sounds as if a storm is coming.
