第 108 課 · 第 9 階段: 連線觀點
During 與 while
中級During vs while
構成與用法
during + 名詞，while + 從句 — 在……期間、與……同時
1.形式
During 和 while 都表示某件事發生在另一件事的時間之內。區別在於後面接什麼：during + 名詞，while + 從句（主語 + 動詞）。For 回答的是另一個問題：多長時間。
| 詞 | 後面接 | 回答 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| during | 名詞（the film、the night、my holiday） | 什麼時候？ | I fell asleep during the film. |
| while | 從句（主語 + 動詞） | 什麼時候？ | I fell asleep while I was watching the film. |
| for | 一段時間的長度（two hours、three days） | 多長時間？ | I slept for two hours. |
很多語言用同一個詞表達這兩種意思。快速判斷：空格後面有沒有主語 + 動詞？有 → while。只有名詞 → during。
2.During + 名詞
1. 某件事發生在一段時間或一個活動中的某個時刻
My phone rang twice during the meeting.
開會的時候我的手機響了兩次。
Someone knocked on the door during the night.
夜裡有人敲門。
2. 貫穿整個時間段
Most shops in our street close during Tet.
春節期間，我們這條街上大部分商店都關門。
Nobody said a word during the whole trip.
整個旅途中誰都沒說一句話。
常見搭配：during the day / the night / the summer / the week / the war / the 1990s / my stay / the lesson / the meal。
3.While + 從句
1. 兩件事同時發生
Linh listens to podcasts while she cooks.
阿玲一邊做飯一邊聽播客。
Could you hold my coffee while I find my keys?
我找鑰匙的時候，你能幫我拿一下咖啡嗎？
2. 一個短暫的事件打斷了一個較長的動作——較長的動作通常用過去進行時（見“過去進行時”一課）
Someone stole my bag while I was waiting for the train.
我等火車的時候，包被人偷了。
While we were having dinner, the power went out.
我們正在吃晚飯的時候，停電了。
3. 談論將來：while + 現在時（不用 will）
Can you water my plants while I'm away?
我不在的時候，你能幫我澆澆花嗎？（不說：while I will be away）
I'll do the shopping while you're at the dentist.
你去看牙醫的時候，我去買東西。
4. 簡略形式：while + -ing（兩部分主語相同時）
Please don't use your phone while driving.
開車時請不要用手機。
She hurt her back while lifting a heavy box.
她搬一個很重的箱子時扭傷了腰。
While 還有第二個意思，“而，然而”，用來對比兩件事：My brother loves football, while I prefer badminton。這個意思和時間沒有關係。
4.用 for 還是 during？
For + 一段時間的長度，說明某事持續多長時間。During + 一個時間段或活動，說明某事什麼時候發生。不要用 during 來表示時長：不說 “I waited during two hours”。
We went to Phu Quoc for five days during the summer holidays.
暑假期間我們去富國島玩了五天。（for = 多長時間，during = 什麼時候）
It rained for three hours during the night.
夜裡下了三個小時的雨。
I learned to cook while I was living in Osaka.
我住在大阪的時候學會了做飯。（while + 從句）
I learned to cook during my time in Osaka.
我在大阪那段時間學會了做飯。（during + 名詞）
During the last two weeks 是正確的：“the last two weeks” 是一個具體的時間段，不是在回答“多長時間？”。要說明時長，用 for：I've been sick for two weeks。
5.常見錯誤
During I was cooking, I burnt my hand.While I was cooking, I burnt my hand.
後面是從句 → 用 while。
I fell asleep while the film.I fell asleep during the film.
後面只有名詞 → 用 during。
I lived in Da Nang during five years.I lived in Da Nang for five years.
表示時長 → 用 for。
I'll call you while I will be in Hanoi.I'll call you while I'm in Hanoi.
while 後面用現在時表示將來。
Don't talk during eating.Don't talk while eating.
後面是 -ing 動作時，用 while。
例句
- I fell asleep during the film.
- Someone rang the doorbell while I was having a shower.
- The lights went out during the storm.
- Minh read a book while he was waiting for the bus.
