反身代词

反身代词以 -self（单数）或 -selves（复数）结尾。you 有两种形式：一个人用 yourself，多个人用 yourselves。

💡hisself、theirselves 和 ourself 都不是标准英语。注意：myself, yourself, herself, ourselves 是在 my / your / her / our 的基础上构成的，而 himself 和 themselves 是在 him / them 的基础上构成的。

1. 主语和宾语是同一个人

• I cut myself while I was cooking.

  我做饭时不小心切到了自己。

• Lan looked at herself in the mirror.

  阿兰照着镜子看自己。

• Minh blamed himself for the accident.

  阿明为这起事故责怪自己。（阿明怪的是阿明自己）

• Minh blamed him for the accident.

  阿明为这起事故责怪他。（him = 另一个人）

2. 一些常用短语：enjoy yourself（玩得开心）、help yourself（请随便吃 / 随便拿）、make yourself at home（别拘束，就当在自己家）、introduce yourself（自我介绍）、behave yourself（规矩点）

• We really enjoyed ourselves in Da Lat.

  我们在大叻玩得非常开心。

• Please help yourselves to some fruit.

  大家请随便吃点水果。

• Let me introduce myself. I'm Hoa.

  我来自我介绍一下。我叫阿花。

3. 强调“就是那个人，不是别人”——通常放在句末，或紧跟在那个人后面

• Did you make this cake yourself?

  这个蛋糕是你自己做的吗？

• The manager herself came to say sorry.

  经理亲自来道歉了。

by myself / by yourself… 和 on my own / on your own… 表示独自一人或没有别人帮忙。两者意思相同。

• My grandpa lives by himself in the countryside.

  我爷爷一个人住在乡下。

• Can you finish your homework by yourself?

  你能自己做完作业吗？

• I like travelling on my own.

  我喜欢一个人旅行。

💡要说自己做某事、没有别人帮忙，英语常用 -self：自学 = teach yourself，自己修 = fix it yourself。by 后面要用 -self 形式：by myself（不是 by me）。

themselves / ourselves = 每个人对自己做某事。each other = 每个人对对方做某事（互相）。

• Lan and Mai looked at themselves in the mirror.

  阿兰和阿梅照着镜子看自己。（各看各的）

• Lan and Mai looked at each other.

  阿兰和阿梅互相看着对方。（阿兰看阿梅，阿梅看阿兰）

• My parents love each other very much.

  我父母非常相爱。

• feel, relax, concentrate, meet 后面通常不用 -self：I feel great（不说 I feel myself great）。
• wash, shave, dress 这类日常动作通常省略 -self：I got dressed and left。只有想强调费了力气时才加（My little son can dress himself now）。
• 表示位置的介词后面用普通的宾格：She put her bag next to her（不是 next to herself）。

• Sit down and relax.

  坐下来放松一下。（不说：relax yourself）

• Let's meet outside the cinema at seven.

  我们七点在电影院外面见吧。（不说：meet ourselves）

• ✗He fixed the bike by hisself.

  ✓He fixed the bike by himself.

  hisself 不是标准英语。

• ✗They enjoyed theirselves.

  ✓They enjoyed themselves.

  正确的形式是 themselves。

• ✗Did you enjoy at the party?

  ✓Did you enjoy yourself at the party?

  enjoy 需要宾语：enjoy yourself / enjoy the party。

• ✗I feel myself tired.

  ✓I feel tired.

  feel 后面不用 myself。

• ✗Nam and Lan love themselves.

  ✓Nam and Lan love each other.

  爱的是对方 → 用 each other。

• ✗Help yourselfs to some cake.

  ✓Help yourselves to some cake.

  复数：-self → -selves。