تدريب Shadowing: Cambridge 13 Test 2 Section 3 Listening - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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Section 3.
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You will hear a student called Russ consulting his tutor about a presentation he is preparing on nanotechnology,
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a study of materials on an extremely small scale.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25.
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Thank you.
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Ah, come in, Russ.
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Thank you.
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Now, you wanted to consult me about your class presentation on nanotechnology.
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You're due to give it next week, aren't you?
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That's right, and I'm really struggling.
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I chose the topic because I didn't know much about it and wanted to learn more, but now I've read so much about it,
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in a way there's too much to say.
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I could talk for much longer than the 20 minutes I've been allocated.
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Should I assume the other students don't know much and give them a kind of general introduction?
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Or should I try and make them share my fascination with a particular aspect?
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You could do either, but you'll need to have it clear in your own mind.
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Then I think I'll give an overview.
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OK.
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Now, one way of approaching this is to work through developments in chronological order.
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On the other hand, you could talk about the numerous ways that nanotechnology is being applied.
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You mean things like thin films on camera displays to make them water -repellent, and additives to make motorcycle helmets stronger and lighter?
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Exactly.
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Or another way would be to focus on its impact in one particular area, say medicine or space exploration.
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That would make it easier to focus.
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Perhaps I should do that.
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I think that would be a good idea.
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Right.
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How important is it to include slides in the presentation?
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They aren't essential by any means and there's a danger of tailoring what you say to fit whatever slides you can find.
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While it can be good to include slides, you could end up spending too long looking for suitable ones.
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You might find it better to leave them out.
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I see.
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Another thing I was wondering about was how to start.
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I know presentations often begin with first I'm going to talk about this and then I'll talk about that.
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But I thought about asking the audience what they know about nanotechnology.
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That would be fine if you had an hour or two for the presentation,
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but you might find that you can't do anything with the answers you get, and it simply eats into the short time that's available.
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So maybe I should mention a particular way that nanotechnology is used to focus people's attention?
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That sounds sensible.
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What do you think I should do next?
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I really have to plan the presentation today and tomorrow.
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Well, initially, I think you should ignore all the notes you've made,
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take a small piece of paper and write a single short sentence that ties together the whole presentation.
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It can be something as simple as, nanotechnology is already improving our lives.
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Then start planning the content around that.
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You can always modify that sentence later if you need to.
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OK.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 26 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 26 to 30.
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OK, now let's think about actually giving the presentation.
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You've only given one before, if I remember correctly, about an experiment you'd been involved in.
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That's right.
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It was pretty rubbish.
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Let's say it was better in some respects than in others.
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With regard to the structure, I felt that you ended rather abruptly, without rounding it off.
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Be careful not to do that in next week's presentation.
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OK.
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And you made very little eye contact with the audience because you were looking down at your notes most of the time.
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You need to be looking at the audience and only occasionally glancing at your notes.
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Your body language was a little odd.
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Every time you showed a slide, you turned your back on the audience so you could look at it.
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You should have been looking at your laptop.
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And you kept scratching your head, so I found myself wondering when you were next going to do that,
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instead of listening to what you were saying.
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Oh dear.
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What did you think of the language?
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I knew that not everyone was familiar with the subject, so I tried to make it as simple as I could.
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Yes, that came across.
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You used a few words that are specific to the field,
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but you always explained what they meant so the audience wouldn't have had any difficulty understanding.
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Uh -huh.
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I must say, the handouts you prepared were well thought out.
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They were a good summary of your presentation, which people would have been able to refer to later on.
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So well done on that.
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Thank you.
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Well, I hope that helps you with next week's presentation.
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Yes, it will.
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Thanks a lot.
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I'll look forward to seeing a big improvement then.
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That is the end of section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Now turn to section 4.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “Cambridge 13 Test 2 Section 3 Listening”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: presentation, nanotechnology, audience, slide, notes. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 82 جملة و840 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 7:04. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 119 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 85% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
presentation اسم/ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/إِرَاءَة
slide اسم/ˈslaɪ̯d/زَحْلِيقَة, مَزْلَقَة
consult فعل/ˈkɑnsʌlt/نَصَحَ
topic اسم/ˈtɑpɪk/مَوْضُوع, مَوَاضِيع
ignore فعل/ɪɡˈnɔː/تَجَاهَلَ, طَنَّش
thin صفة/ˈθɪn/رَفِيع, رَقِيق
refer فعل/ɹɪˈfɜː/أَشَارَ
occasionally ظرف/əˈkeɪʒənəli/أَحْيَانًا
experiment اسم/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/تَجْرِبَة, اِخْتِبَار
suitable صفة[ˈsjuː.tə.bɫ̩]مُنَاسِب, مُلَائِم
summary اسم/ˈsʌm.ə.ɹi/خُلَاصَة, مُلَخَّص
difficulty اسم/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/صُعُوبَة
laptop اسم/ˈlæp.tɑp/كَمْبْيُوتِر مَحْمُول, حَاسُوب مَحْمُول
exploration اسم/ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/اِسْتِكْشَاف
scratch فعل/skɹæt͡ʃ/خَرْبَشَ

جمل تستحق التكرار

جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:

  • You're due to give it next week, aren't you?
  • That's right, and I'm really struggling.
  • Then I think I'll give an overview.
  • What do you think I should do next?
  • What did you think of the language?

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنI've read · I've been allocated · you've made
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهI've been allocated · being applied · been involved

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 18 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'll, aren't, I'm. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/, exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, rubbish /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/, fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, motorcycle /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, topic /ˈtɑpɪk/, aspect /ˈæspɛkt/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, laptop /ˈlæp.tɑp/
  • /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: overview /ˈoʊ.vɚˌvjuː/, additive /ˈæd.ɪ.tɪv/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, slide /ˈslaɪ̯d/, consult /ˈkɑnsʌlt/, aspect /ˈæspɛkt/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل presentation, slide, consult.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

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