シャドーイング練習: Cambridge 13 Test 1 Section 3 Listening - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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1
Section 3.
2
You will hear two biology students called Emma and Jack discussing an experiment they are going to do together.
3
First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 25.
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We've got to choose a topic for our experiment, haven't we, Jack?
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Were you thinking of something to do with seeds?
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That's right.
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I thought we could look at seed germination, how a seed begins to grow.
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OK.
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Any particular reason?
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I know you're hoping to work in plant science eventually.
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Yeah, but practically everything we do is going to feed into that.
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No, there's an optional module on seed structure and function in the third year that I might do.
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So I thought it might be useful for that.
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If I choose that option, I don't have to do a dissertation module.
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Good idea.
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Well, I thought for this experiment, we could look at the relationship between seed size
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and the way the seeds are planted so we could plant different sized seeds in different ways and see which grow best.
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OK.
20
Would need to allow time for the seeds to come up.
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That should be fine if we start now.
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A lot of the other possible experiments need quite a bit longer.
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So that'd make it a good one to choose.
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And I don't suppose it'd need much equipment.
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We're not doing chemical analysis or anything though that's not really an issue.
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We've got plenty of equipment in the laboratory.
27
Yeah, we need to have a word with the tutor if we're going to go ahead with it, though.
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I'm sure our aim's OK.
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It's not very ambitious, but the assignment's only 10 % of our final mark, isn't it?
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But we need to be sure we're the only ones doing it.
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Yeah, it's only 5 % actually, but it'd be a bit boring if everyone was doing it.
32
Did you read that book on seed germination on our reading list?
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The one by Graves?
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Hmm.
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I looked through it for my last experiment, though it wasn't all that relevant there.
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It would be for this experiment, though.
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I found it quite hard to follow, lots about the theory which I hadn't expected.
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Yes, I'd been hoping for something more practical.
39
It does include references to the recent findings on genetically modified seeds, though.
40
Yes, that was interesting.
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I read an article about seed germination by Lee Hall.
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About seeds that lie in the ground for ages and only germinate after a fire.
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That's the one.
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I knew a bit about it already, but not about this research.
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His analysis of figures comparing the times of the fires and the proportion of seeds that germinated
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was done in a lot of detail.
47
Very impressive.
48
Was that the article with the illustrations of early stages of plant development?
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They were very clear.
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I think those diagrams were in another article.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 26 -30.
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Now listen and answer questions 26 to 30.
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Anyway, shall we have a look at the procedure for our experiment?
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We'll need to get going with it quite soon.
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Right.
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So the first thing we have to do is find our seeds.
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I think vegetable seeds would be best.
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And obviously they mustn't all be the same size.
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So how many sorts do we need?
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About four different ones?
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I think that would be enough.
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There'll be quite a large number of seeds for each one.
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Then for each seed we need to find out how much it weighs and also measure its dimensions.
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And we need to keep a careful record of all that.
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That'll be quite time -consuming.
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And we also need to decide how deep we're going to plant the seeds, right on the surface a few millimetres down or several centimetres.
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OK, so then we get planting.
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Do you think we can plant several seeds together in the same plant pot?
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No, I think we need a different one for each seed.
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Right.
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And we'll need to label them.
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We can use different coloured labels.
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Then we wait for the seeds to germinate.
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I reckon that'll be about three weeks, depending on what the weather's like.
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Then we see if our plants have come up and write down how tall they've grown.
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Then all we have to do is look at our numbers and see if there's any relation between them.
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That's right.
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That is the end of Section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Now turn to section 4.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Cambridge 13 Test 1 Section 3 Listening」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：seed, experiment, plant, questions, germination。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が80文、単語が765語あります。 音声の長さは7:02です。 話す速さはゆっくりで、1分あたり約109語です。一つ一つの音をまねる余裕があります。 単語の84%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| seed 名詞 | /siːd/ | 種 |
| experiment 名詞 | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | 実験 |
| label 名詞 | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | 荷札, 貼り札 |
| module 名詞 | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | モジュール |
| topic 名詞 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 話題, テーマ |
| practical 形容詞 | /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ | 実践的な |
| impressive 形容詞 | /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ | 印象的な |
| carefully 副詞 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | じっくり, 慎重に |
| compare 動詞 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比べる, 比較する |
| procedure 名詞 | /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/ | 手段, やり方 |
| laboratory 名詞 | /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ | 研究室, 実験室 |
| relation 名詞 | /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ | 関係, 関連 |
| biology 名詞 | /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | 生物学 |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 依存する |
| proportion 名詞 | /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/ | 割合, 比例 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| come up 動詞 | 上がる, 登る |
| find out 動詞 | 見出す, 調べる |
| write down 動詞 | 書き留める, 記す |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- Were you thinking of something to do with seeds?
- We've got plenty of equipment in the laboratory.
- Did you read that book on seed germination on our reading list?
- Yes, I'd been hoping for something more practical.
- Anyway, shall we have a look at the procedure for our experiment?
注意したい発音
話し手はwe're, don't, it'dなど、短縮形や弱形を25回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, proportion /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/, dimension /daɪˈmɛn.ʃən/, ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/, carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/, relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: impressive /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, modify /ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。seed, experiment, labelなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。