跟讀練習: Why We Worry All the Time and How to Cope - 通過影片學習英語口語

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It's not an illustrious category to belong to, of course, but there are plenty of us at least.

We worry about work, money, being left, illness, disappointing, over-promising, madness, disgrace, just to start the list.

We worry in the early hours, we worry on holiday, we worry at parties, and we worry all the time while we're trying to smile and seem normal to good people who depend on us.

Thus, it can feel pretty unbearable at moments.

A standard approach when trying to assuage our blizzard of worries is to look at each in turn and marshal sensible arguments against their probabilities.

But it can, at points, also be helpful not to look at the specifics of every worry and instead to consider the overall position that worry has come to occupy in our lives.

There is a hugely fascinating sentence on the topic in an essay by the great English psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott.

The catastrophe you fear will happen has in fact already happened.

When we worry, we're naturally fixated on what will occur next.

It's the future with its boundless possibilities for horror that is the natural arena for exploration by our panicked thoughts.

But in Winnicott's unexpected thesis, something else is revealed.

The disaster that we fear is going to unfold is actually behind us.

There is a paradox here.

Why do we keep expecting something to happen that's already happened?

Why don't we better distinguish past from present?

Winnicott's answer is that it's in the nature of traumatic events from childhood not to be properly processed and as a result, like the dead who have not been adequately buried and mourned, to start to haunt us indiscriminately in adulthood.

For example, we may panic that we are about to be humiliated and shamed.

There are no particularly strong grounds for this in objective reality, but we are utterly convinced nevertheless because this is precisely what happened to us when we were tiny and at the hands of a parent.

Or we worry intensely that we are about to be abandoned in love, not Not because our partner is in any significant way disloyal, but because someone who once looked after us at a very vulnerable point definitely was.

A benefit of understanding how much our worries owe to childhood is a new sense that it isn't so much the future we should be distressed about as the past.

We can replace dread and apprehension with something sadder yet ultimately more redemptive.

Mourning.

we can feel profoundly sorry for our younger selves as an alternative to being panicked for our future selves.

Appreciating the childhood legacy of worries, we also stand to realise that we can adapt and improve on how we respond to what alarms us.

If we have been well-parented, we will have been bequeathed a repertoire good moves to latch onto when crises occur.

We know how to reach out, seek help, perhaps move away and only take as much responsibility as we are due.

We have access to a corridor through our troubles.

But when we have lacked this kind of tutelage, we remain in significant ways in relation to our troubles like the frightened children we once were.

We may be tall, drive a car and sound like a grown-up, but faced with concerns, we resort to our toolkit of childlike solutions.

We overreact, we go silent, we scream, we have little sense of other options, we feel extremely limited in our powers of protest and agency, we lose all perspective.

To which it's appropriate, and in no way patronising, to remind ourselves of what can, in our deeper psychological selves, still be an entirely implausible thought.

we are now adults.

In other words, in response to the kinds of terror we knew so well at the age of four or eight, we don't have to be either as afraid or as powerless as we were.

We can mount a direct protest, we can make an eloquent case for ourselves, we can complain and defend our position, we can rebuild our lives in a new way elsewhere.

There are two ways to mitigate risk.

To try to remove all risk from the world or to work on one's attitude to risk.

Knowing that many of our fears have childhood antecedents, as do our responses to them, can free us to imagine that history won't have to repeat itself exactly.

Adult life doesn't have to be as terrifying as our childhoods once were, and our responses to our fears can have some of the greater vigour and confidence that is the natural privilege of grown-ups.

We'll still be worried a substantial portion of the time, but perhaps with a little less fragility and fewer burning convictions of total, upcoming catastrophe.

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關於本課

在這一課中，學習者將通過分析有關焦慮和擔憂的主題，提升英語聽說能力。影片探討了人們常常面臨的各種焦慮情緒，幫助學習者理解這些情緒的根源，並提供應對策略。通過觀看和練習，學習者能夠提高自己的發音，增強語言表達的自信心，並能夠在與他人交談時更自然地使用複雜的句子和詞彙。

關鍵詞彙與短語

擔憂 (worry) - 我們日常生活中經常出現的情緒。
災難 (catastrophe) - 人們所害怕發生的事情。
創傷 (trauma) - 影響我們情感和行為的過去經歷。
哀悼 (mourning) - 對過去經歷的反思和情感表達。
權力感 (sense of agency) - 在面對挑戰時的掌控感。
解決方案 (solutions) - 應對焦慮和困難時的策略。
未來 (future) - 我們擔憂的各種可能性。
兒童時期 (childhood) - 影響我們成年後情感的關鍵時期。

練習建議

要有效地進行shadowing，學習者可以關注影片的語速和語調。建議： 1. **分段練習**：首先，選擇影片的短段落進行練習，隨著時間的推移逐漸增加段落的長度，幫助自己適應不同語速。 2. **模仿語調**：注意演講者在不同情境下的語調變化，例如在表達焦慮時的語氣，這有助於加深對情感表達的理解。 3. **重複練習**：多次觀看同一段影片，並在每次觀看後嘗試複述影片中的關鍵短語，這種方式能夠有效提高口語流利度和自信心。 4. **與他人交流**：可以找夥伴一起觀看影片並進行討論，嘗試將影片中的內容應用到日常對話中，這種互動能加深理解並提升表達能力。

通過這些練習，學習者將能夠在看YouTube學英語或其他平臺中，利用shadowing技巧，更好地掌握英語語音和語調，達到更高的口語水平。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	being left · is revealed · be humiliated
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has come · have not been · have been
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	people who depend · someone who once

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Why We Worry All the Time and How to Cope - 通過影片學習英語口語

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關於本課

關鍵詞彙與短語

練習建議

影片中的語法

什麼是跟讀法？