تدريب Shadowing: Why We Worry All the Time and How to Cope - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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It's not an illustrious category to belong to, of course, but there are plenty of us at least.
بالطبع، ليست فئة لامعة ينتمي المرء إليها، لكن هناك الكثير منا على الأقل.
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We worry about work, money, being left, illness, disappointing, over-promising, madness, disgrace, just to start the list.
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We worry in the early hours, we worry on holiday, we worry at parties, and we worry all the time while we're trying to smile and seem normal to good people who depend on us.
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Thus, it can feel pretty unbearable at moments.
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A standard approach when trying to assuage our blizzard of worries is to look at each in turn and marshal sensible arguments against their probabilities.
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But it can, at points, also be helpful not to look at the specifics of every worry and instead to consider the overall position that worry has come to occupy in our lives.
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There is a hugely fascinating sentence on the topic in an essay by the great English psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott.
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The catastrophe you fear will happen has in fact already happened.
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When we worry, we're naturally fixated on what will occur next.
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It's the future with its boundless possibilities for horror that is the natural arena for exploration by our panicked thoughts.
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But in Winnicott's unexpected thesis, something else is revealed.
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The disaster that we fear is going to unfold is actually behind us.
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There is a paradox here.
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Why do we keep expecting something to happen that's already happened?
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Why don't we better distinguish past from present?
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Winnicott's answer is that it's in the nature of traumatic events from childhood not to be properly processed and as a result, like the dead who have not been adequately buried and mourned, to start to haunt us indiscriminately in adulthood.
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For example, we may panic that we are about to be humiliated and shamed.
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There are no particularly strong grounds for this in objective reality, but we are utterly convinced nevertheless because this is precisely what happened to us when we were tiny and at the hands of a parent.
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Or we worry intensely that we are about to be abandoned in love, not Not because our partner is in any significant way disloyal, but because someone who once looked after us at a very vulnerable point definitely was.
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A benefit of understanding how much our worries owe to childhood is a new sense that it isn't so much the future we should be distressed about as the past.
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We can replace dread and apprehension with something sadder yet ultimately more redemptive.
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Mourning.
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we can feel profoundly sorry for our younger selves as an alternative to being panicked for our future selves.
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Appreciating the childhood legacy of worries, we also stand to realise that we can adapt and improve on how we respond to what alarms us.
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If we have been well-parented, we will have been bequeathed a repertoire good moves to latch onto when crises occur.
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We know how to reach out, seek help, perhaps move away and only take as much responsibility as we are due.
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We have access to a corridor through our troubles.
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But when we have lacked this kind of tutelage, we remain in significant ways in relation to our troubles like the frightened children we once were.
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We may be tall, drive a car and sound like a grown-up, but faced with concerns, we resort to our toolkit of childlike solutions.
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We overreact, we go silent, we scream, we have little sense of other options, we feel extremely limited in our powers of protest and agency, we lose all perspective.
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To which it's appropriate, and in no way patronising, to remind ourselves of what can, in our deeper psychological selves, still be an entirely implausible thought.
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we are now adults.
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In other words, in response to the kinds of terror we knew so well at the age of four or eight, we don't have to be either as afraid or as powerless as we were.
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We can mount a direct protest, we can make an eloquent case for ourselves, we can complain and defend our position, we can rebuild our lives in a new way elsewhere.
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There are two ways to mitigate risk.
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To try to remove all risk from the world or to work on one's attitude to risk.
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Knowing that many of our fears have childhood antecedents, as do our responses to them, can free us to imagine that history won't have to repeat itself exactly.
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Adult life doesn't have to be as terrifying as our childhoods once were, and our responses to our fears can have some of the greater vigour and confidence that is the natural privilege of grown-ups.
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We'll still be worried a substantial portion of the time, but perhaps with a little less fragility and fewer burning convictions of total, upcoming catastrophe.
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Thank you.
تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
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نبذة عن هذا الدرس
في هذا الدرس، سوف تتعلم كيفية التعامل مع مشاعر القلق وكيفية التعبير عنها باللغة الإنجليزية. سنستعرض بعض الأفكار الرئيسية من الفيديو المتعلقة بالقلق ولماذا نشعر به باستمرار. من خلال ممارسة المحادثة الإنجليزية حول هذه المواضيع، ستتمكن من تحسين النطق باللغة الإنجليزية والتعبير عن مشاعرك الخاصة. هذا سيمكنك من اكتساب الثقة في التحدث عن مواضيع نفسية عميقة.
المفردات والعبارات الرئيسية
- قلق (Worry)
- أحاسيس الطفولة (Childhood feelings)
- معالجة الصدمات (Processing trauma)
- استجابة البالغين (Adult responses)
- الخيبة (Disappointment)
- التكيف (Adaptation)
- المعالجة النفسية (Psychological processing)
- تجربة القلق (Experience of worry)
نصائح للممارسة
لتحسين مهاراتك في التواصل وتطبيقتمارين ممارسة المحادثة الإنجليزية، حاول اتباع النصائح التالية:
- استمع إلى الفيديو بتركيز وحاول تقليد النغمة والسرعة. شارك في طريقة التظليل في الإنجليزية (shadow speak) لتتمكن من تحسين النطق باللغة الإنجليزية.
- قم بتدوين الملاحظات حول النقاط المهمة وتكرارها بصوت عالٍ، مما يساعدك في فهم المشاعر والتعبير عنها بشكل أفضل.
- استخدم المفردات والعبارات الجديدة في محادثاتك اليومية. يمكنك ممارسة الحديث مع أصدقائك أو عبر الإنترنت.
- تجربة الوثوق في نفسك دون الخوف من الفشل أو النقد. تذكر أن الأخطاء جزء من عملية التعلم.
- حافظ على تكرار الممارسة بشكل دوري على shadowing site لتحسين مستوى الأداء الخاص بك بمرور الوقت.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | being left · is revealed · be properly processed |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | has come · have not been · have been |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | people who depend · someone who once |
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.