第 66 課 · 第 5 階段: 被動、轉述與疑問
間接疑問句
中級Indirect questions
構成與用法
Do you know where … is? I wonder what … — 句中的疑問部分用陳述句語序
1.形式
間接疑問句是放在另一個句子裡的疑問句（Do you know…?、Could you tell me…?、I wonder…）。裡面的疑問句用陳述句語序：疑問詞 + 主語 + 動詞，並且 do / does / did 去掉。
| 直接疑問句 | 間接疑問句 |
|---|---|
| Where is the bus stop? | Do you know where the bus stop is? |
| How much is this bag? | Could you tell me how much this bag is? |
| What time does the bank open? | Do you know what time the bank opens? |
| Why did she leave early? | I wonder why she left early. |
| Is the shop open on Sundays? | Do you know if the shop is open on Sundays? |
| Does this bus go to the airport? | Can you tell me whether this bus goes to the airport? |
does / did 去掉後，它們表示的時態轉移到主要動詞上：What time does it open? → … what time it opens. Why did she leave? → … why she left.
2.什麼時候用
1. 禮貌地提問，尤其是對陌生人、顧客或上司 —— 比直接問更委婉
Excuse me, do you know where the nearest ATM is?
打擾一下，請問您知道最近的取款機在哪裡嗎？
Could you tell me how far it is to the airport?
能告訴我到機場有多遠嗎？
Would you mind telling me what you think of the plan?
您介意告訴我您對這個計劃的看法嗎？
2. 說出你想知道或不知道的事 —— 這些是陳述句，所以用句號結尾
I wonder what she wants for her birthday.
我在想她生日想要什麼。
I have no idea where he went last night.
我完全不知道他昨晚去哪兒了。
I can't remember where I parked the car.
我想不起來我把車停在哪兒了。
- 疑問句開頭（用 ?）：Do you know…? / Could you tell me…? / Can you tell me…? / Do you have any idea…? / Would you mind telling me…? / Can you remember…?
- 陳述句開頭（用 .）：I wonder… / I don't know… / I'm not sure… / I have no idea… / I'd like to know… / I can't remember…
- 句末標點取決於外面的句子，而不是裡面的疑問句。
3.一般疑問句：if / whether
一般疑問句沒有疑問詞，所以要加 if 或 whether。兩者意思相同；whether 稍微正式一點，常和 or not 連用。
Do you know if the restaurant is open today?
你知道那家餐廳今天開不開門嗎？
I'm not sure whether it will rain or not.
我不確定會不會下雨。
It depends on whether we have enough time.
這取決於我們有沒有足夠的時間。（介詞後面只能用 whether）
I can't decide whether to buy it.
我拿不定主意要不要買。（to + 動詞前面只能用 whether）
4.疑問詞作主語時
如果 who / what / which 是主語，直接疑問句本身就已經是陳述句語序（沒有 do/did），所以變成間接疑問句時什麼都不用改。另見“主語疑問句與賓語疑問句”一課。
Who broke the window? → Do you know who broke the window?
誰打破了窗戶？→ 你知道是誰打破了窗戶嗎？
What happened? → Can you tell me what happened?
發生了什麼事？→ 你能告訴我發生了什麼事嗎？
但如果是 be + 名詞，be 要移到句末：Who is that man? → Do you know who that man is?（不說：who is that man）。
間接疑問句不需要時態後移，因為你是現在在問：Do you know where she lives? 只有轉述別人的問題時才後移：She asked me where I lived —— 見“間接引語”一課。
5.常見錯誤
Do you know where is the post office?Do you know where the post office is?
裡面的疑問句用陳述句語序：主語 + 動詞。
I wonder what does she want for her birthday.I wonder what she wants for her birthday.
去掉 does，主要動詞加 -s。
Can you tell me does this bus go to Ben Thanh Market?Can you tell me if this bus goes to Ben Thanh Market?
一般疑問句 → if/whether + 陳述句。
Do you know how old is your grandfather?Do you know how old your grandfather is?
How old + 主語 + be。
Could you tell me where did you buy that jacket?Could you tell me where you bought that jacket?
去掉 did，主要動詞用過去式。
I don't know where she's going?I don't know where she's going.
外面的句子是陳述句，所以用句號結尾。
例句
- Excuse me, do you know where the bus stop is?
- I wonder why he was so angry yesterday.
- Do you know where your sister works?
- Could you tell me how much this bag costs?
