跟读练习: Cambridge IELTS 14 listening section 2 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Section 2.
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You will hear a manager giving a welcome talk to a group of apprentices who are starting their training at the company.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 14.
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Good morning, everyone.
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My name's Janet Parker and I'm the Human Resources Manager.
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We're very happy to welcome you to your new apprenticeship.
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I hope that the next six months will be a positive and enjoyable experience for you.
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I'd like to start with some general advice about being an apprentice.
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Most of you have very little or no experience of working for a big organisation
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and the first week or so may be quite challenging.
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There will be a lot of new information to take in, but don't worry too much about trying to remember everything.
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The important thing is to check with someone if you're not sure what to do.
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You'll find your supervisor is very approachable and won't mind explaining things or helping you out.
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You're here to learn, so make the most of that opportunity.
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You'll be spending time in different departments during your first week, so make an effort to talk to as many people as possible about their work.
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You'll make some new friends and find out lots of useful information.
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As well as having a supervisor, you'll each be assigned a mentor.
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This person will be someone who's recently completed an apprenticeship, and you'll meet with them on a weekly basis.
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Their role is to provide help and support throughout your apprenticeship.
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Of course, this doesn't mean they'll actually do any of your work for you.
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Instead, they'll be asking you about what goals you've achieved so far, as well as helping you to identify any areas for improvement.
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You can also discuss your more long-term ambitions with them as well.
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Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.
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Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.
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Now, I just want to run through a few company policies for our apprenticeship scheme with you.
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Most importantly, the internet.
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As part of your job, you'll be doing some research online, so obviously you'll have unlimited access for that.
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But please don't use it for personal use.
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You'll have your own phones for that.
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Some of you have already asked me about flexible working.
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After your probationary three-month period, some of you will be eligible for this.
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But it will depend on which department you're in and what your personal circumstances are,
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so please don't assume you'll automatically be permitted to do this.
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I want to make sure there's no confusion about our holiday policy.
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Apart from any statutory public holidays, we ask that you don't book any holidays until after your six-month apprenticeship has finished.
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Time off should only be taken if you are unwell.
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Please speak to your supervisor if this is going to be a problem.
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You'll be expected to work a 40-hour week, but there may be opportunities to do overtime during busy periods.
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Although you're not required to do this, it can be a valuable experience, so we advise you to take it up if possible.
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Obviously, we understand that people do have commitments outside work, so don't worry if there are times when you are unavailable.
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As you know, we don't have a formal dress code here.
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You may wear casual clothes as long as they are practical,
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and the only restriction for shoes we have is on high heels for health and safety reasons.
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Comfortable shoes like trainers are preferable.
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There's a heavily subsidised canteen on site where you can get hot meals or salads cheaply.
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Snacks and drinks are also provided, so we've decided to introduce a no-packed lunch policy.
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This is partly to encourage healthy eating at work and partly to stop people from eating at their workstation,
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which is unhygienic.
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Okay, moving on to...
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That is the end of section two.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Now turn to section 3.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Cambridge IELTS 14 listening section 2”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：apprenticeship, questions, supervisor, holiday, section。 这段视频共有 53 个句子、681 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:37。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 103 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 88% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| supervisor 名词 | /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/ | 監督者 /监督者, 管理者 |
| apprentice 名词 | /əˈpɹɛntɪs/ | 學徒 /学徒 |
| approachable 形容词 | /əˈpɹəʊ.t͡ʃə.bəl/ | 容易接近的 |
| canteen 名词 | /kænˈtin/ | 水壺 /水壶 |
| preferable 形容词 | /ˈpɹɛf.(ə.)ɹə.b(ə)l/ | 更合意的, 更適宜的 /更适宜的 |
| unwell 形容词 | /ʌnˈwɛl/ | 不舒服 |
| workstation 名词 | /ˈwɝkˌsteɪʃən/ | 工作站 |
| unavailable 形容词 | /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/ | 不可用 |
| circumstance 名词 | /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/ | 情況 /情况, 狀態 /状态 |
| assign 动词 | /əˈsaɪn/ | 分配, 分派 |
| statutory 形容词 | /ˈstæt͡ʃəˌtɔɹi/ | 法定 |
| restriction 名词 | /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/ | 限制 |
| heel 名词 | /hil/ | 腳跟 /脚跟, 後跟 /后跟 |
| snack 名词 | /snæk/ | 零食, 小吃 |
| enjoyable 形容词 | /ɛnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.ə.bl̩/ | 愉快 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| find out 动词 | 找出, 查明 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | be assigned · be permitted · be taken |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | you've achieved · have already asked · has finished |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 29 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you'll, don't, you're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: apprenticeship /əˈpɹɛn.tɪs.ʃɪp/, workstation /ˈwɝkˌsteɪʃən/, restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/, ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: apprenticeship /əˈpɹɛn.tɪs.ʃɪp/, supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/, approachable /əˈpɹəʊ.t͡ʃə.bəl/, preferable /ˈpɹɛf.(ə.)ɹə.b(ə)l/, unavailable /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: supervisor /ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/, unavailable /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/, overtime /ˈoʊ.vɚˌtaɪm/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: apprenticeship /əˈpɹɛn.tɪs.ʃɪp/, apprentice /əˈpɹɛntɪs/, circumstance /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/, snack /snæk/, cloth /klɒθ/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: approachable /əˈpɹəʊ.t͡ʃə.bəl/, preferable /ˈpɹɛf.(ə.)ɹə.b(ə)l/, importantly /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 supervisor, apprentice, approachable 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。