تدريب Shadowing: RE2 Unit 8A - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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The Polos, Marco, his father Niccolo,
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and his uncle Maffeo had been traveling for three and a half years when they finally achieved their objective,
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a long -awaited meeting with the powerful Mongol leader Kublai Khan.
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The historic event took place in 1275 at the Khan's luxurious summer capital in Chengdu,
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in what is now northern China.
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Kublai Khan was surprisingly informal as he greeted his tired guests.
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Welcome, gentlemen.
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Please stand up.
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How have you been?
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How was the trip?
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Marco Polo's trip had, in fact, started more than 9 ,000 kilometers away in Venice when he was just a teenager.
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His father and uncle already knew Kublai Khan from a previous visit nine years earlier, when they had spent a short time in Chengdu.
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On this second trip, the Polos stayed for 17 years before they returned home.
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They made themselves useful to the Khan and undertook various missions and tasks for him.
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It is likely that the Khan considered it an honor that these Europeans, who were rare in China,
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had made this extremely difficult journey and he took the opportunity to make good use of their skills and knowledge.
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While he was in the service of Kublai Khan, the most powerful man in people and in lands and in treasure that ever was in the world,
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Marco Polo was able to learn and experience many things that were new to Europeans.
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In his travel journal, he wrote that Kublai Khan's palace was the greatest he had ever seen.
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He admired the Khan's recently completed new capital, Dadu, whose streets were so straight and so broad.
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The city was located in what is now the center of Beijing, and Kublai Khan's city planning can still be perceived in the straight,
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broad streets of China's modern capital.
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We learn from Marco Polo that, in the administration of his empire, Kublai Khan made use of a fast and simple message system.
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Horse riders, spaced every 40 kilometers, allowed messages to cover 500 kilometers a day.
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As soon as one horse had run 40 kilometers, the next horse would run the next 40 kilometers, and so on.
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Marco also learned the secret of asbestos cloth, which is made from a mineral and doesn't catch fire.
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Paper money also took him by surprise, since it was not yet used in the West at that time.
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Homes were heated with black stones which burn like logs.
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These stones were coal, unknown in most of Europe, and were so plentiful that many people had a hot bath three times a week.
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Although the Khan did not want his visitors to leave, the Polos finally received permission to return home in 1292.
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Marco continued his observations while on the ocean voyage by way of Sumatra and India.
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After he returned home, Marco completed a book about his trip, full of details about his amazing cultural experiences.
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It was probably the single greatest contribution to geographical knowledge ever made to the West about the East.
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: Khan, Kublai, Marco, Polo, kilometers. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 33 جملة و491 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:30. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 140 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 80% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| uncle اسم | /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/ | عَمّ, خَال |
| palace اسم | /ˈpælɪs/ | قَصْر, بَلَاط |
| bath اسم | /bɑːθ/ | حَمَّام, مُغْسَل |
| skill اسم | /skɪl/ | مَهَارَة |
| log اسم | /lɔɡ/ | خَشَبَة |
| objective اسم | /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ | هَدَف, مَقْصَد |
| contribution اسم | /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ | مُسَاهَمَة |
| treasure اسم | /ˈtɹɛʒəɹ/ | كَنْز |
| gentleman اسم | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ | اَلسَّيِّد, سَيِّد |
| observation اسم | /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ | رَصْد, مُشَاهَدَة |
| teenager اسم | /ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ | مُرَاهِق |
| cloth اسم | /klɒθ/ | قُمَاش, أقمشة |
| mineral اسم | /ˈmɪn.ə.ɹəl/ | مَعْدِن |
| rider اسم | /ˈɹaɪ̯.dəː/ | رَاكِب, رَاكِبَة |
| visitor اسم | /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/ | زَائِر |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | المعنى |
|---|---|
| stand up فعل | قَامَ |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
- أصوات “th”: bath /bɑːθ/, cloth /klɒθ/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, treasure /ˈtɹɛʒəɹ/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊəɹi.əs/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊəɹi.əs/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: palace /ˈpælɪs/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/, plentiful /ˈplɛntɪfl̩/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, visitor /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/, voyage /ˈvɔɪ.ɪd͡ʒ/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: uncle /ˈʌŋ.kl̩/, skill /skɪl/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, treasure /ˈtɹɛʒəɹ/, cloth /klɒθ/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل uncle, palace, bath.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.