Shadowing Practice: The Love Lessons We Never Learned - Learn English Speaking with Video
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68 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
It can be easy to feel, as we look back on our lives, that we have been singularly inept in our choices and behaviours.
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Why did we waste so long here?
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Why didn't we see what they were doing there?
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Why didn't we speak up sooner?
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Or hold our nerve?
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In such self-recriminatory moods, it can be more than merely sentimental to remind ourselves of a fundamental fact about relationships
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that we miss when we despair of our conduct.
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They sit in an area of exceptional importance,
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in which we are granted astonishingly few chances to practice before having to make vastly consequential decisions.
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Imagine if we were asked to become great violinists and were given all of six lessons to perfect our craft.
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Or if we were expected to master the javelin after four perfunctory throws.
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We'd know the odds were stacked against us.
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We'd have compassion for our often miserable performances.
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We'd understand what we were up against.
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Without us being aware, much the same level of unpreparedness holds true of relationships.
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Even a highly experienced lover might have only eight partners before getting married.
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Most of us have two or three.
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Someone might have shared a home with just one other person before deciding to place a new human being on the earth.
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None of us has ever been asked to pass an examination in love before going on a date.
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From the other side of failure, we chastise ourselves for how little we've understood.
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We don't appreciate how much there is to understand how infinitely more complicated relationships are than any musical instrument.
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It's entirely to be expected that the sounds we make are frequently terrifying.
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Let's imagine that there are some 30 key lessons to learn about relationships,
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30 things we might have to get the hang of before having any real chance at managing our lives successfully.
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We might begin to summarize these lessons as follows.
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Always speak up when you're feeling undervalued.
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Complain with clarity and kindness not despair or rage.
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You try to persuade anyone to love you.
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Don't set out to fix anyone's childhood.
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An absence of attraction is fateful, but then attraction isn't enough.
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They should be like a best friend, but this isn't just a friendship.
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Resentment at a mother or father has a very long tail.
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Someone who hates therapy doesn't just hate therapy, they're liable to hate introspection and dialogue too.
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Flee from anyone defensive.
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get together with someone just because they are right on paper.
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If something breaks down once, the chances of it ever working a second time are beyond minimal.
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And so on and so forth.
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The challenge is that though we might state these lessons simply enough,
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to get the hang of each one properly requires at least eight months and more usually several years or even decades.
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We need to experience the finer nuances of the issues through summers and winters, through journeys and work crises, in the slow despair of quiet Sunday afternoons.
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We need time, encouragement and the right to fail without tragedy.
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We wouldn't be any less generous after telling a trumpet player to support their notes from the diaphragm.
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In a depressed moment in middle age, we might try to categorize phases of our love lives according to the slow lessons
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that we've taken away from each one of them.
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For example, don't keep making an effort if they're not.
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Caitlin, four and a half years.
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Beware of people who can't articulate their emotions.
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6 months Don't wait around hoping they'll explain why they acted as they did 3 years
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Don't have children before the bond is properly formed 20 years
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We would need to live to at least 500 years old to stand any realistic chance of picking up our craft.
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Instead, we're rushed on stage and have to work out the right way to hold the bow before a live audience.
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Those who haven't generated disaster and mutiny are luckier than they are talented.
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We aren't miserable because we're stupid, but because we weren't ever trained,
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because we exist in a culture morbidly and mysteriously resistant to emotional education.
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We leave things to chance, out of a feeling that it might be cold or unromantic, to apply some of the same basic discipline and foresight
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that we would resort to before operating a lawn mower or floor polisher.
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We teach people to become brain surgeons and pilots, yet leave the roles of partner and parent to intuition.
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A better arranged culture would itemise the key lessons of love for people in their last year of school,
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and then impose a universal intensive training programme with some of the rigour of an architecture or accountancy qualification.
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We would think of novels and films not as entertainment
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but as chances to hone the lessons of love we'd learnt in an analytical form elsewhere.
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We'd use video games to place us in digitised scenarios before we had to face them in reality.
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We'd ask ourselves for patience and be aware, without humiliation, of how blind we necessarily were.
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We've made a mess, no doubt.
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We don't, on top of everything else, need to be surprised that we did so.
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This is a game
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with at least 30 traps in it
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and we began to play long before we'd ever realized that the instruction manual had been tossed aside.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “The Love Lessons We Never Learned”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: lessons, chance, relationships. בסרטון הזה יש 68 משפטים ו-893 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 5:41. הדובר מדבר בקצב טבעי של כ-157 מילים בדקה, קרוב לשיחה יומיומית. רק 81% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| despair שם עצם | /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ | יֵאוּשׁ \ ייאוש |
| miserable שם תואר | /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ | אֻמְלָל, מסכן |
| attraction שם עצם | /əˈtɹækʃn̩/ | מְשִׁיכָה, אטרקציה |
| categorize פועל | /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/ | קטלג, סִוֵּג |
| javelin שם עצם | /ˈd͡ʒæv.(ə.)lɪn/ | כידון |
| mutiny שם עצם | /ˈmju.tə.ni/ | מֶרֶד |
| summarize פועל | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | סיכם |
| violinist שם עצם | כַּנָּר | |
| humiliation שם עצם | /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/ | הַשׁפָּלָה |
| trumpet שם עצם | /ˈtɹʌmpɪt/ | חֲצוֹצְרָה |
| flee פועל | /ˈfliː/ | נָס |
| persuade פועל | /pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/ | שִׁכְנֵעַ |
| qualification שם עצם | /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | כִּשּׁוּרִים |
| clarity שם עצם | /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.ti/ | בהירות |
| toss פועל | /tɔs/ | זרק, העיף |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | משמעות |
|---|---|
| pick up פועל | הרים, אסף |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- Why did we waste so long here?
- Why didn't we see what they were doing there?
- Why didn't we speak up sooner?
- We'd know the odds were stacked against us.
- We'd have compassion for our often miserable performances.
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | are granted · were asked · were expected |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | have been · has ever been asked · we've understood |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | Someone who hates · people who can · Those who haven |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-32 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו we'd, don't, we've. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, consequential /ˌkɑnsɪˈkwɛnʃəl/, introspection /ɪntɹəˈspɛkʃən/, intuition /ˌɪn.tjuːˈɪʃ.ən/, humiliation /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/, accountancy /əˈkaʊnt.ən.si/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/, consequential /ˌkɑnsɪˈkwɛnʃəl/, introspection /ɪntɹəˈspɛkʃən/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: consequential /ˌkɑnsɪˈkwɛnʃəl/, beware /biˈwɛɚ/, persuade /pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/, chastise /ˈt͡ʃæstaɪz/, diaphragm /ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/, javelin /ˈd͡ʒæv.(ə.)lɪn/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: despair /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/, miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/, diaphragm /ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו despair, miserable, attraction.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.