ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Why do some artists become famous? | Albert-László Barabási

เลือกโหมดฝึก

แต่ละโหมดจะเปิดห้องฝึกแบบเต็มจอ

78 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
1
There are multiple measures of success in art.
2
Some artists work for the pleasure of producing and they really don't care about external recognition.
3
Some really want to make an impact in their immediate community.
4
However, the traditional measure of success is really external recognition.
5
What galleries show your work?
6
What museums show your work?
7
Is your work selling?
8
Is it entering the auction market?
9
The amount of money collectors are willing to pay for it.
10
What are the factors that really drive these measurable successes?
11
Before starting my studies in science, I wanted to be an artist.
12
And I studied to be an artist and I hang out with artists and collectors and so on.
13
Many of my friends as artists are convinced that they have only one job in front of them, to really express their talent,
14
to paint, to sculpt, to do whatever they do.
15
And it is not their job to be discovered.
16
That's a society's work.
17
One of the reasons I'm really interested in art beyond the intellectual interest towards art
18
is because art is very different from other measures of performance.
19
If you are a runner I can just have a chronometer
20
and measure how fast you run and
21
that will uniquely determine whether you're a good runner
22
or a bad runner and also will determine the rewards you get from running.
23
The problem in art is that we don't have a chronometer.
24
In contemporary art it's almost impossible to look at the work in isolation and decide what is its value, how important it is.
25
In the contemporary art context, the value of an artwork is determined by very complex networks.
26
Who is the artist?
27
Where that artist has exhibited before?
28
Where was that work exhibited before?
29
Who owns it and who owned it before?
30
And how these multiple links connect to the canon and to art history in general. So
31
if we want to understand how really value emerges in the art world
32
we need to really map out these dependencies and the multiple networks that drive the value of art.
33
A few years ago we did that.
34
Through this mapping process we ended up getting a worldwide map of institutions where it turned out the most central nodes,
35
the most connected nodes happened to be also the most prestigious museums.
36
MoMA, Tate, Gogossian Gallery, some of the biggest museums worldwide.
37
The most interesting aspect of this network was that it allowed us to predict artistic success.
38
That is, if you give me an artist and their first five exhibits, I put them on the map and we could fast forward their career.
39
Were they going to be 10, 20 years from now?
40
And the predictions were incredibly accurate.
41
You have to think from the perspective of the gatekeepers, And the gatekeepers are the institutions.
42
And the network of how the gatekeepers are connected
43
and who is paying attention to whom is really the one that determines your access to the art market as an artist.
44
Because the path towards the center is much faster if you are already next to it.
45
And it's very difficult for somebody to enter from the periphery.
46
But our research did show that it's possible.
47
We ended up finding about roughly 250 artists who really started from the bottom,
48
from the periphery, from unknown institutions and made it all the way to the top.
49
And what the data indicated is that they did not follow the traditional advice of how you succeed as an artist,
50
which is get a gallery and work with them.
51
That is, the gallery will guarantee your future.
52
rather these artists who managed to go from the periphery to the center
53
at the beginning of their career they worked with many many institutions
54
they practically exhibited everywhere they were willing to show their work
55
and through these many random acts of exhibitions they ended up hitting a couple of better connected notes
56
that offered a path for them towards the center it's really reconfirmed of how important networks are in art
57
and how important it is for an artist to really understand the networks in which their work is embedded in,
58
in order to guarantee that sooner or later the work will arrive where he or she dreams to arrive at.
59
Artistic success is driven by many factors.
60
Location is one of them.
61
Talent is another one.
62
Talent is what gives you access to the nodes
63
that you start the working talent is the one that gives you entry into the network.
64
And the more talented you are, more and higher level institutions are willing to work with them.
65
So the reason we can predict your future from the first five exhibits,
66
because by who was willing to work with you in your five exhibits is already a measure of your talent
67
and your future journey in the art world.
68
The problem is that as a young artist, you don't really understand which is the better institution and which is more connected.
69
Of course everybody knows the role of MoMA and the big big galleries
70
but what you don't know is that among the many small galleries
71
that you have access to who may have a path towards the center.
72
The question you need to ask are you there in the short run on the long run?
73
In the short run you can make a career to Instagram
74
and these many social networks but if you are in for the long run these noise making effects don't really matter.
75
The question is, can you bring an artistic practice that resonates with the time and has a unique visual characteristics?
76
In that sense, science and art are not different.
77
The influential artists and the influential scientists are those on whose work the next generation of artists or scientists can build on.
78
Thank you.

ดาวน์โหลดแอป

ทุกอย่างที่ต้องใช้เพื่อพูดได้คล่อง

AI ให้คะแนนการออกเสียงให้คะแนนทุกประโยค
ฝึก IPAเชี่ยวชาญทุกเสียง
คำศัพท์สร้างคลังคำของคุณ
เกมคำศัพท์เล่นไปเรียนไป
สแกน QR
สแกน QR
Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play

ช่องเดียวกัน

We can cure almost all human diseases. Here’s how. | Albert-László BarabásiC1
2

We can cure almost all human diseases. Here’s how. | Albert-László Barabási

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
I study demonic possession dreams. Here’s what we’ve found. | Patrick McNamaraC1
3

I study demonic possession dreams. Here’s what we’ve found. | Patrick McNamara

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
We could make every human on Earth rich and happy—if we decided to | Agustín FuentesC1
6

We could make every human on Earth rich and happy—if we decided to | Agustín Fuentes

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why sex, food, and shelter aren’t enough for Homo Sapiens | Agustín FuentesC1
4

Why sex, food, and shelter aren’t enough for Homo Sapiens | Agustín Fuentes

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Master your anxiety. Unleash your genius | Jesse Eisenberg for Big Think+C1
1

Master your anxiety. Unleash your genius | Jesse Eisenberg for Big Think+

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
A mind-blowing explanation of symmetry | Frank Wilczek for Big ThinkC1
3

A mind-blowing explanation of symmetry | Frank Wilczek for Big Think

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
How evolution works, in 54 minutes | Sean B. Carroll: Full InterviewB2
1

How evolution works, in 54 minutes | Sean B. Carroll: Full Interview

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The psychology of persuasion, as told by an Ivy League professor | Jonah Berger for Big Think+C1
1

The psychology of persuasion, as told by an Ivy League professor | Jonah Berger for Big Think+

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why ‘turning the other cheek’ is fundamentally misunderstood | Bishop Robert BarronC1
2

Why ‘turning the other cheek’ is fundamentally misunderstood | Bishop Robert Barron

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
How many people are in hell? | Bishop Robert BarronC1
5

How many people are in hell? | Bishop Robert Barron

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
What kind of atheist are you? | Clay RoutledgeC1
4

What kind of atheist are you? | Clay Routledge

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
How do elite performers automate their habits? | Wendy WoodB2
3

How do elite performers automate their habits? | Wendy Wood

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Where is the evidence for God? | Bishop Robert BarronC1
2

Where is the evidence for God? | Bishop Robert Barron

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why I’m against empathy | Paul BloomC1
2

Why I’m against empathy | Paul Bloom

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The famous tree-falling thought experiment has a new answer | Lisa Feldman BarrettC1
1

The famous tree-falling thought experiment has a new answer | Lisa Feldman Barrett

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Become a great strategic thinker | Ian BremmerC1
4

Become a great strategic thinker | Ian Bremmer

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The absurd power of shared belief | Lisa Feldman BarrettC1
2

The absurd power of shared belief | Lisa Feldman Barrett

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Would a society based on genetics be… good? | Kathryn Paige HardenC1
2

Would a society based on genetics be… good? | Kathryn Paige Harden

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
The lost art of accomplishment without burnout | Cal Newport for Big Think +C1
2

The lost art of accomplishment without burnout | Cal Newport for Big Think +

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Supernatural thinking: Your brain’s anti-anxiety mode | Clay RoutledgeC1
13

Supernatural thinking: Your brain’s anti-anxiety mode | Clay Routledge

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU

วิดีโอแนะนำ

Why Study Art? | TateShotsB2
2
23 ประโยค

Why Study Art? | TateShots

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The New Generation of YouTube InfluencersC1
331 ประโยค

The New Generation of YouTube Influencers

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Bestselling Author Adam Grant on Why We're More Disconnected Than EverC1
1
167 ประโยค

Bestselling Author Adam Grant on Why We're More Disconnected Than Ever

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
What makes art so expensive? | CNBC ExplainsB2
14
45 ประโยค

What makes art so expensive? | CNBC Explains

Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Is This Really Art? The Banana on the WallC1
11
32 ประโยค

Is This Really Art? The Banana on the Wall

American AccentBritish AccentDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Monet's Water Lilies: Great Art ExplainedC1
2
68 ประโยค

Monet's Water Lilies: Great Art Explained

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Art Direction Techniques You Can UseC1
1
288 ประโยค

Art Direction Techniques You Can Use

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Episode 1: "What is social ontology?" - Prof Brian EpsteinC1
3
159 ประโยค

Episode 1: "What is social ontology?" - Prof Brian Epstein

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
The Lost Art Of The Intellectual LifeC1
7
175 ประโยค

The Lost Art Of The Intellectual Life

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The Airport Story That Reveals How Great Thinkers Solve Problems | Terence Tao | MasterClassC1
2
40 ประโยค

The Airport Story That Reveals How Great Thinkers Solve Problems | Terence Tao | MasterClass

Daily ConversationUniversity Students

คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Why do some artists become famous?” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: artist, network, institution, talent, measure วิดีโอนี้มี 55 ประโยค และ 971 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 6:07 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 159 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 89% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงตามได้ง่าย จากทั้งหมด 55 ประโยค มี 12 ประโยคเป็นคำถาม จึงเหมาะสำหรับฝึกน้ำเสียงประโยคคำถามและการตอบสั้น ๆ

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์คำอ่านความหมาย
institution คำนาม/ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/สถาบัน
connect คำกริยา/kəˈnɛkt/เชื่อม, ต่อ
runner คำนาม/ˈɹʌnɚ/นักวิ่ง
recognition คำนาม/ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/การจำได้
guarantee คำนาม/ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/การรับประกัน
arrive คำกริยา/əˈɹaɪv/มา, ถึง
scientist คำนาม/ˈsaɪəntəst/นักวิทยาศาสตร์
predict คำกริยา/pɹɪˈdɪkt/ทำนาย
discover คำกริยา/dɪˈskʌvə/ค้นพบ
exhibition คำนาม/ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/นิทรรศการ
indicate คำกริยา/ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/บ่งบอก
reward คำนาม/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/รางวัล
auction คำนาม/ˈɔkʃən/ขายทอดตลาด, การประมูล
artwork คำนาม/ˈɑɹtˌwɝk/งานศิลป์, อาร์ตเวิร์ก
chronometer คำนาม/krə(ʊ)ˈnɒmɪtər/โครโนมิเตอร์

ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ

ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:

  • What galleries showed your work?
  • What museums show your work?
  • Is your work selling?

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 10 ครั้ง เช่น don't, you're, gonna ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, influential /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/, exhibition /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/, auction /ˈɔkʃən/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, influential /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, exhibition /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

  • เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, influential /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, convince /kənˈvɪns/, prestigious /pɹɛˈstiːd͡ʒəs/
  • /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, convince /kənˈvɪns/
  • /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/, resonate /ˈɹɛz.əˌneɪt/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง institution, connect, runner เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →