تدريب Shadowing: PHILOSOPHY - The Stoics - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
1
The Stoicism This is a film about Stoicism and why you need more of it in your life.
2
Because, as people seldom tell you, but we will quietly.
3
Stoicism was a philosophy that flourished for 480 years in ancient Greece
4
and Rome and was popular with everyone from slaves to the aristocracy.
5
Because, unlike so much philosophy, it was helpful.
6
Helpful when we panic, want to give up, despair and rage at existence.
7
We still honour this philosophy whenever we think of someone as brave and without perhaps quite knowing why, call them stoic.
8
There are two great philosophers of stoicism.
9
The first is the Roman writer and tutor to Nero, Seneca.
10
He lived between AD 4 and AD 65.
11
That's right, tutor to Nero, the infamous dictator who slept with his own mother, raped young boys and just because he felt like it, asked his old tutor, Seneca,
12
to commit suicide in front of his own family.
13
And our other guide to Stoicism is the kind and magnanimous Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, AD 121-180, who was forced to spend most of his reign on the edges of the empire,
14
fighting off invincible Germanic hordes, but found time to write one of the greatest works of philosophy, the Meditations, in his tent at night.
15
There are two problems Stoicism can help us with in particular.
16
The first is anxiety.
17
When you're feeling anxious about something, most people are maddening.
18
They believe it's their duty to cheer you up.
19
However intelligent they might otherwise be, they say things like it'll be okay, don't worry, even cheer up.
20
The Stoics were appalled.
21
They hated any kind of consolation that aims to give the listener hope.
22
Hope is the opium of the emotions
23
and must be stamped out conclusively for a person to stand any chance of inner peace.
24
Because hope only lifts you up higher for the eventual fall.
25
The Stoics advise us to take a different path.
26
To be calm, one has to tell oneself something very dark.
27
It will be terrible.
28
I might have to go to prison.
29
The lump really could be malign.
30
I probably will be fired and humiliated, my friends almost certainly will succeed.
31
But a huge, consoling stoic but.
32
One must keep in mind that one will, nevertheless, be okay.
33
Okay, because in the end, as Marcus Aurelius said, we are each of us stronger than we think.
34
Prison won't be fun, nor we're losing one's job or being made a laughing stock, but one will get through it.
35
Stoicism emboldens us against the worst fate can throw at us.
36
And if you really, really can't take it, suicide is always an option.
37
The Stoics mentioned this repeatedly.
38
Here is Seneca.
39
Can you no longer see a road to freedom?
40
It's right in front of you.
41
You need only turn over your wrists.
42
To build up an impression of one's own resilience, the Stoics suggested one regularly rehearse worst-case scenarios.
43
For example, twice a year, one should take off one's smart clothes, into some dirty rags, sleep on a rug in the kitchen floor
44
and eat only stale bread and rainwater from an animal's bowl.
45
And thereby, you'll make an amazing discovery.
46
As Marcus Aurelius put it, almost nothing material is needed for a happy life for he who has understood existence.
47
Another subject of interest to the Stoics was anger.
48
Romans were a bad tempered lot.
49
The Stoics wanted to calm them down, but they did so by an unusual route, by intellectual argument.
50
They propose that getting angry isn't something you do by nature
51
because you have a Latin temper or are somehow inherently hot blooded.
52
It's the result of being stupid, of having the wrong ideas about life.
53
Anger stems when misplaced hope smashes into unforeseen reality.
54
We don't shout every time something bad happens to us, only when it's bad and unexpected.
55
For example, you never shout just because it started raining, even though rain can be horrible, because you've learnt to expect rain.
56
The same should apply to everything.
57
Don't only expect rain, expect betrayal, infamy, sadism, theft, humiliation, lust, greed, spite.
58
One will stop being so angry when one learns the true facts of the misery of life.
59
The wise person should aim to reach a state where simply nothing could suddenly disturb their peace of mind.
60
Every tragedy should already be priced in.
61
We're going to leave you with the most beautiful remark that Seneca made, just as Nero's guards were grabbing him
62
and shoving him into a bathroom where he was meant to take a sharp knife and kill himself.
63
His wife, Polina, and two children were panicking, weeping, clinging to his cloaks.
64
But Seneca turned to them, pulled a weary smile at them, and simply said, what need is there to weep over parts of life?
65
The whole of it calls for tears.
66
We have much to learn from the Stoics.
📺 نفس القناة
C2483
The Purpose and Benefit of Emotional Education
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
The Childish Behavior That Ruins Adult Relationships
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B24
Why Religious Beliefs Aren't Just Silly
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C18
What Years of Heartbreak Actually Teach Us
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
How to Love without fear
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C2385
What's Education For?
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
How to Get Over Someone
British AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B247
What is The School of Life?
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C148
Don't Despair
British AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
Why Heartbroken People Make the Best Lovers
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Why Some Breakups Hurt So Much More Than Others
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
How to Spot the Loveliest People in the World
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Are You Neurotic or Psychotic? How to Tell the Difference
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Why We Should Refuse to Get Into Arguments
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C111
When Love Isn't Easy
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
PHILOSOPHY - Plato
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
Who Dreams of the Greatest Love? (it's not who you expect)
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2How to Find Out What's Really on Your Mind
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
How to Be Strong and Resilient
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
What to think of the Rice Theory of the Japanese Character
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ فيديو موصى به
C14
116 جمل
3 philosophy classics that are better than self-help books
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
43 جمل
Why We Worry All the Time and How to Cope
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1118
21 جمل
Impulse Control: The No You Never Practice (Epictetus)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
98 جمل
Epictetus - LIFE CHANGING Quotes - STOICISM
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C138
29 جمل
Shakespeare: Hamlet
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
C12
607 جمل
5 Stoic lessons to become your best self in 2026 | Massimo Pigliucci
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
322 جمل
This video will only find you when you most need it.
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
35 جمل
How to Use the Socratic Method (for Dialogue, Debate and Critical Thinking)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
63 جمل
IELTS Listening Section-4(Stoicism) with answers
IELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
122 جمل
When Life Hurts, Care Less About It | The Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
97 جمل
Jordan Peterson - You Need a Routine!
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى C1 مبني على الفيديو “PHILOSOPHY - The Stoics”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: stoic, stoicism, Seneca, philosophy, Aurelius. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 66 جملة و821 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 4:28. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة، نحو 184 كلمة في الدقيقة، لذا ستسمع كثيرًا من وصل الكلمات واختزال الأصوات. 80% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| stoicism اسم | /ˈstoʊɪsɪzəm/ | رِوَاقِيَّة |
| stoic صفة | /ˈstoʊ.ɪk/ | رِوَاقِيّ |
| weep فعل | /ˈwiːp/ | بَكَى, يَبْكِي |
| shout فعل | /ʃaʊt/ | صَرَخَ, صَاحَ |
| aristocracy اسم | /ˌɛɹ.ɪˈstɑ.kɹə.si/ | أَرِسْتُقْرَاطِيَّة |
| humiliate فعل | /hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪt/ | أَخْزَى, اِسْتَذَلَّ |
| rainwater اسم | مِيَاه اَلْأَمْطَار | |
| sadism اسم | /ˈseɪdɪzəm/ | سادية |
| listener اسم | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | مُسْتَمِع, مُسْتَمِعَة |
| consolation اسم | /ˌkɑn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/ | مُوَاسَاة |
| humiliation اسم | /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/ | إِذْلَال, ذِلَّة |
| cloak اسم | /kləʊk/ | مِعْطَف فَضْفَاض |
| resilience اسم | /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/ | القدرة على التعافي بعد الصدمة |
| seldom ظرف | /ˈsɛldəm/ | نَادِرًا |
| dictator اسم | /ˈdɪkˌteɪtəɹ/ | دِكْتَاتُور, دِكْتَاتُورَة |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | المعنى |
|---|---|
| give up فعل | تَنَازَلَ, تَخَلَّى |
| take off فعل | خَلَعَ |
| turn over فعل | قَلَبَ |
جمل تستحق التكرار
جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:
- They believe it's their duty to cheer you up.
- Can you no longer see a road to freedom?
- It's right in front of you.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | was forced · were appalled · must be stamped |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | has understood · you've learnt |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 12 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل don't, we're, can't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “th”: thereby /ðɛɹˈbaɪ/, cloth /klɒθ/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: shout /ʃaʊt/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, consolation /ˌkɑn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/, humiliation /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/, shove /ʃʌv/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: aristocracy /ˌɛɹ.ɪˈstɑ.kɹə.si/, humiliate /hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪt/, invincible /ɪnˈvɪn.sə.bəl/, magnanimous /mæɡˈnæn.ɪ.məs/, consolation /ˌkɑn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: weep /ˈwiːp/, temper /ˈtɛmpɚ/, appall /əˈpɔːl/, misplace /mɪsˈpleɪs/, lump /lʌmp/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: invincible /ɪnˈvɪn.sə.bəl/, shove /ʃʌv/, eventual /ɪˈvɛn.t͡ʃu.əl/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: stoicism /ˈstoʊɪsɪzəm/, tutor /ˈtjuːtəː/, stoic /ˈstoʊ.ɪk/, humiliate /hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪt/, misplace /mɪsˈpleɪs/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل stoicism, stoic, weep.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.