Практика Shadowing: RE3 Unit 3B - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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Track 6, Reading 3B, Tracking the Snow Leopard When a snow leopard stalks its prey among the mountain walls,
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it moves softly, slowly, explains Indian biologist Raghunandan Singh Chandawat, who has studied the animal for years.
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If it knocks a stone loose, it will reach out a foot to stop it from falling and making noise.
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One might be moving right now, perfectly silent, maybe close by. But where?
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Best known for its spotted coat and long, distinctive tail, the snow leopard is one of the world's most secretive animals.
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These elusive cats can only be found high in the remote, mountainous regions of Central Asia.
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For this reason, and because they hunt primarily at night, they are very rarely seen.
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Snow leopards have been officially protected since 1975, but enforcing this law has proven difficult.
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Many continue to be killed for their fur and body parts, which are worth a fortune on the black market.
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In recent years, though, conflict with local herders has also led to a number of snow leopard deaths.
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This is because the big cats kill the herders animals and drag the bodies away high up in the mountains to eat.
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As a result of these pressures the current snow leopard population is estimated at only 4,000 to 7,000
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and some fear that the actual number may already have dropped below 3,500.
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The only way to reverse this trend and bring these cats back from near extinction,
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say conservationists, is to make them more valuable alive than dead.
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A Fragile Relationship Because farming is difficult in Central Asia's cold,
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dry landscape, traditional cultures depend mostly on livestock, mainly sheep and goats, to survive in these mountainous regions.
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At night, when snow leopards hunt, herders' animals are in danger of snow leopard attacks.
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If a family loses even a few animals, it can push them into desperate poverty.
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The wolf comes and kills, eats, and goes somewhere else, said one herder.
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But snow leopards are always around.
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They have killed one or two animals many times.
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Everybody wanted to finish this leopard.
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To address this problem, local religious leaders have called for an end to snow leopard killings, saying that these wild animals have the right to exist peacefully.
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They've also tried to convince people that the leopards are quite rare, and thus it is important to protect them.
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The value of preservation Financial incentives are also helping to slow snow leopard killings.
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The organization Snow Leopard Conservancy India Trust has established Himalayan Homestays, a program that sends visitors to herders' houses.
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For a clean room and bed, meals with the family, and an introduction to their culture, visitors pay about US$10 a night.
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If guests come once every two weeks through the tourist season, the herders will earn enough income to replace the animals lost to snow leopards.
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In addition, the organization helps herders build protective fences that keep out snow leopards.
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It also conducts environmental classes at village schools and trains the organization's members as nature guides, available for hire.
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In exchange, the herders agree not to kill snow leopards. In Mongolia,
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a project called Snow Leopard Enterprises helps herder communities earn extra money in exchange for their promise to protect the endangered cat.
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Women in Mongolian herder communities make a variety of products, yarn for making clothes, decorative floor rugs,
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and toys using the wool from their herds.
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SLE buys these items from herding families and sells them abroad.
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Herders must agree to protect the snow leopards and to encourage neighbors to do the same.
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The arrangement increases herders' incomes by 10 to 15 percent and elevates the status of the women.
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If no one in the community kills the protected animals over the course of a year,
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the program members are rewarded with a 20 percent bonus in addition to the money they've already made.
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An independent review in 2006 found no snow leopard killings in areas where SLE operates.
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Today, the organization continues to add more communities.
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Projects like the Homestays Program in India and SLE's business in Mongolia are doing well.
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Though they cover only a small part of the snow leopard's homeland, they make the leopards more valuable to more people each year.
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If these programs continue to do well, the snow leopard may just have a fighting chance.
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Сценарий: Защита снежных барсов в Центральной Азии
Видео рассказывает о проблеме вымирания снежных барсов и проектах, которые помогают местным пастухам и кошкам сосуществовать. Это реальная ситуация, где сочетаются экология, экономика и культура — идеальная база для практики разговорного английского, так как текст содержит живые примеры коллокаций и тем, актуальных для современного общения.
Полезные сочетания и выражения
- To reverse this trend — "Исправить эту тенденцию" (используется в контексте борьбы с вымиранием).
- Financial incentives — "Финансовые стимулы" (ключевое выражение для описания проектов с экономической поддержкой).
- Protective fences — "Защитные заборы" (практичное сочетание для темы безопасности животных).
- Nature guides — "Экологические гиды" (реlevant для туристической индустрии и охраны природы).
- To earn extra money — "Зарабатывать дополнительные деньги" (частое выражение в повседневном разговоре).
Ваше задание на shadowing
Для улучшения произношения английского и тренировки интонации используйте метод shadow speech: включите отрывок видео (от "The value of preservation" до "rewarded with a 20 percent bonus"), послушайте фразу, затем повторите её сразу же, копируя темп и акцент. Сделайте это 3-5 раз. Это поможет вам привыкнуть к естественной речи и улучшить понимание живого языка. Если вы ищете shadowing site, можно использовать платформы с возможностью замедления видео — так проще повторять сложные фразы. Учить английский по видео никогда не было так эффективно!
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.