跟讀練習: phienma - 通過影片學習英語口語
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15 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
Transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to a segment of DNA called a gene.
2
A gene contains the code to build a specific protein, which is a macromolecule made up of a sequence of amino acids.
3
RNA polymerase causes a particular area of the DNA helix to unwind and separate into two strands.
4
One of the strands, often called the template strand, is the side of DNA that is read or transcribed by the messenger RNA.
5
The other strand of DNA, often called the non -template strand, isn't transcribed by the messenger RNA.
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So, how are DNA instructions transcribed into messenger RNA?
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Well, using the template strand as a guide,
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RNA polymerase uses the base pair rule to assemble free nucleotides in the nucleus into a complementary strand of RNA.
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For example, RNA polymerase reads the DNA base thymine on the template strand,
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then binds it to a free nucleotide containing adenine.
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This process continues with cytosine binding to guanine and guanine binding with cytosine.
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Remember, though, RNA will never contain thymine.
13
So, whenever RNA polymerase sees adenine on the DNA template strand, it pairs adenine with uracil.
14
By using the template strand of DNA as a guide,
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the genetic code from the non -template strand of DNA has actually been transcribed into Messenger.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
影片中反覆出現的詞有：strand, Rna, Dna, template, polymerase。 這段影片共有 15 個句子、217 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 1:54。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 114 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 59% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| strand 名詞 | /ˈstɹænd/ | 綹 /綹, 一綹頭髮 /一綹頭髮 |
| template 名詞 | /ˈtɛm.plɪt/ | 模板, 型板 |
| messenger 名詞 | /ˈmɛs.ən.d͡ʒɚ/ | 信使, 使者 |
| gene 名詞 | /d͡ʒiːn/ | 基因 |
| acid 名詞 | /ˈæsɪd/ | 酸 |
| sequence 名詞 | /ˈsiː.kwəns/ | 序列, 順序 /順序 |
| segment 名詞 | /ˈsɛɡmɛnt/ | 片斷 /片斷, 段 |
| instruction 名詞 | /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ | 教導 /教導 |
| enzyme 名詞 | /ˈɛn.zaɪm/ | 酶, 酵素 |
| attach 動詞 | /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ | 附上, 附 |
| amino 名詞 | /əˈminoʊ/ | 氨基 |
| assemble 動詞 | /əˈsɛm.bəl/ | 收集, 組合 /組合 |
| nucleus 名詞 | /ˈnuː.kli.əs/ | 核心, 核 |
| polymerase 名詞 | 聚合酶 | |
| transcribe 動詞 | /trænˈskɹaɪb/ | 轉寫 /轉寫 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is read · isn't transcribed · been transcribed |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has actually been transcribed |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | protein, which is |
需要注意的發音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: complementary /ˌkɑmplɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/, macromolecule /ˈmækɹəʊˌmɒlɪkjuːl/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: strand /ˈstɹænd/, template /ˈtɛm.plɪt/, bind /ˈbaɪ̯nd/, acid /ˈæsɪd/, sequence /ˈsiː.kwəns/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: complementary /ˌkɑmplɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/, macromolecule /ˈmækɹəʊˌmɒlɪkjuːl/, uracil /ˈjʊərəsɪl/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: strand /ˈstɹænd/, acid /ˈæsɪd/, attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/, transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/, transcribe /trænˈskɹaɪb/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 strand, template, messenger 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。