تدريب Shadowing: Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
1
When business leaders develop strategies to tackle problems, they often have to take risks.
2
Nobody can predict the future, but businesses do have to anticipate it and make judgments.
3
The Kraft Heinz Company, based in the U.S., is a major player in the food industry.
4
Over 90 years, Kraft built up a portfolio of well-known food brands, including confectionery, biscuits, snacks, and dairy products.
5
In the first decade of the 21st century, Kraft's performance was poor.
6
Markets lacked confidence in the company's growth prospects.
7
Its profits were disappointing.
8
Kraft's products were less appealing to a new generation of consumers.
9
It was seeing demand for the processed food and drinks
10
that it manufactured from dairy all the way to Oreo biscuits decline and that the profit margin,
11
the amount of money it was making for every unit of sales, had been squeezed almost to the thinness of a piece of paper.
12
This was only the first of Kraft's problems.
13
The second issue that Kraft had to tackle was that it relied too heavily on its home US market.
14
That meant it was missing opportunities in fast-growing emerging markets around the world.
15
The company's third problem was that its costs were too high.
16
That meant it was not making enough profits on its sales.
17
Crafts management came up with a bold plan to tackle these issues.
18
It started with a takeover bid for the chocolate maker Cadbury.
19
Cadbury had a 200-year history of making chocolate in the UK.
20
Its products were well-established around the world, especially in emerging markets.
21
There was clearly an attraction of having an even larger portfolio of internationally recognised brands
22
that they could seek to take into different markets.
23
So, inevitably, attracting a bigger international audience was part of Kraft's interest in Cadbury's.
24
Kraft took a gamble that combining the operations of two established companies would be successful and solve another one of its problems.
25
Kraft's primary interest in Cadbury was it enabled it to,
26
because it became a bigger company, essentially cut costs.
27
Where there was overlap between the two companies, it found a way of saving money and increasing therefore the profit margin
28
that it was able to get from each one of its products.
29
The second stage of the strategic solution was a merger.
30
Kraft merged with another food giant, Heinz, and became the Kraft Heinz company.
31
The merger created the world's fifth largest food company.
32
As with the Cadbury deal, there was an opportunity to cut costs.
33
There were other potential advantages, which helped to solve Kraft's problems.
34
Heinz was considered more innovative in its development of new product lines that met changing consumer preference.
35
The immediate results were positive.
36
The Kraft Heinz company's share price rose 17% on news of the merger.
37
The combined company has been successful in cutting costs.
38
Looking at the Kraft story, it is clear the solutions involved considerable risks.
39
Takeovers and mergers do not always work.
40
Irene Rosenfeld was Kraft's chief executive.
41
She was responsible for the company's strategy.
42
I think there were a number of folks that we're questioning our acquisition of Cadbury.
43
We said it was going to be important to us to expand our portfolio, to expand our footprint, particularly in developing markets, and it's played out that way.
44
We are very much on track with the integration.
45
It's enabled us to outperform our peers around the world.
46
For Kraft Heinz, it seems that the risks paid off, but finding solutions to large corporate problems is not straightforward,
47
and taking risks can lead to business failures as well as successes.
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Outro Music
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B1 مبني على الفيديو “Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: Kraft, Heinz, Cadbury, product, merger. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 48 جملة و599 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 4:18. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 139 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 79% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| merger اسم | /ˈmɜː.d͡ʒə/ | اِنْدِمَاج |
| tackle فعل | /ˈtækəl/ | عَالَجَ |
| biscuit اسم | /ˈbɪs.kɪt/ | بَسْكَوِيت, بِسْكْوِي |
| emerge فعل | /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ | ظَهَرَ |
| dairy اسم | /ˈdɛə.ɹi/ | مشتقات الحليب |
| combine فعل | /kəmˈbaɪn/ | ضَمَّ, جَمَعَ |
| margin اسم | /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/ | هَامِش |
| thinness اسم | رِقَّة | |
| footprint اسم | /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/ | أَثَر قَدَم |
| disappoint فعل | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ | خَيَّبَ آمَالَهُ |
| anticipate فعل | /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ | تَوَقَّعَ, اِرْتَقَبَ |
| merge فعل | /mɝd͡ʒ/ | دَمَجَ |
| gamble فعل | /ˈɡæm.bəl/ | قَامَرَ |
| straightforward صفة | /ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/ | صَرِيح, مُسْتَقِيم |
| snack اسم | /snæk/ | وَجْبَة خَفِيفَة, لُمْجَة |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | المعنى |
|---|---|
| come up with فعل | جَاءَ بِـ, أَتَى بِـ |
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | had been squeezed · was considered |
| الماضي المستمر was/were + -ing — حدث كان جاريًا في لحظة من الماضي | was seeing · was making · was missing |
| الوجوب: must / have to / need to قول إن أمرًا ما ضروري | have to take · have to anticipate · had to tackle |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, outperform /ˌaʊt.pɚˈfɔɹm/, footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/, overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: outperform /ˌaʊt.pɚˈfɔɹm/, footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/, straightforward /ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/, snack /snæk/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل merger, tackle, biscuit.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.