Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1
Đang tạo bài học...
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When business leaders develop strategies to tackle problems, they often have to take risks.
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Nobody can predict the future, but businesses do have to anticipate it and make judgments.
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The Kraft Heinz Company, based in the U.S., is a major player in the food industry.
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Over 90 years, Kraft built up a portfolio of well-known food brands, including confectionery, biscuits, snacks, and dairy products.
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In the first decade of the 21st century, Kraft's performance was poor.
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Markets lacked confidence in the company's growth prospects.
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Its profits were disappointing.
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Kraft's products were less appealing to a new generation of consumers.
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It was seeing demand for the processed food and drinks
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that it manufactured from dairy all the way to Oreo biscuits decline and that the profit margin,
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the amount of money it was making for every unit of sales, had been squeezed almost to the thinness of a piece of paper.
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This was only the first of Kraft's problems.
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The second issue that Kraft had to tackle was that it relied too heavily on its home US market.
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That meant it was missing opportunities in fast-growing emerging markets around the world.
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The company's third problem was that its costs were too high.
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That meant it was not making enough profits on its sales.
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Crafts management came up with a bold plan to tackle these issues.
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It started with a takeover bid for the chocolate maker Cadbury.
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Cadbury had a 200-year history of making chocolate in the UK.
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Its products were well-established around the world, especially in emerging markets.
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There was clearly an attraction of having an even larger portfolio of internationally recognised brands
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that they could seek to take into different markets.
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So, inevitably, attracting a bigger international audience was part of Kraft's interest in Cadbury's.
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Kraft took a gamble that combining the operations of two established companies would be successful and solve another one of its problems.
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Kraft's primary interest in Cadbury was it enabled it to,
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because it became a bigger company, essentially cut costs.
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Where there was overlap between the two companies, it found a way of saving money and increasing therefore the profit margin
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that it was able to get from each one of its products.
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The second stage of the strategic solution was a merger.
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Kraft merged with another food giant, Heinz, and became the Kraft Heinz company.
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The merger created the world's fifth largest food company.
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As with the Cadbury deal, there was an opportunity to cut costs.
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There were other potential advantages, which helped to solve Kraft's problems.
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Heinz was considered more innovative in its development of new product lines that met changing consumer preference.
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The immediate results were positive.
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The Kraft Heinz company's share price rose 17% on news of the merger.
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The combined company has been successful in cutting costs.
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Looking at the Kraft story, it is clear the solutions involved considerable risks.
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Takeovers and mergers do not always work.
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Irene Rosenfeld was Kraft's chief executive.
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She was responsible for the company's strategy.
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I think there were a number of folks that we're questioning our acquisition of Cadbury.
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We said it was going to be important to us to expand our portfolio, to expand our footprint, particularly in developing markets, and it's played out that way.
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We are very much on track with the integration.
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It's enabled us to outperform our peers around the world.
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For Kraft Heinz, it seems that the risks paid off, but finding solutions to large corporate problems is not straightforward,
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and taking risks can lead to business failures as well as successes.
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Outro Music
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ B1 này dựa trên video “Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: Kraft, Heinz, Cadbury, product, merger. Video này có 48 câu và 599 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 4:18. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 139 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. Chỉ 79% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng khá khó.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
11 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| biscuit danh từ | /ˈbɪs.kɪt/ | bánh quy |
| dairy danh từ | /ˈdɛə.ɹi/ | sản phẩm sữa, chế phẩm sữa |
| disappoint động từ | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ | làm thất vọng |
| overlap động từ | /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/ | chồng chéo |
| merge động từ | /mɝd͡ʒ/ | kết hợp, hợp nhất |
| gamble động từ | /ˈɡæm.bəl/ | đánh bạc |
| squeeze động từ | /skwiːz/ | đè, bóp |
| predict động từ | /pɹɪˈdɪkt/ | dự báo |
| maker danh từ | /ˈmeɪk.ɚ/ | người làm, người chế tạo |
| bold tính từ | /ˈbəʊld/ | dũng cảm, can đảm |
| rely động từ | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | tin cậy, dựa vào |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | had been squeezed · was considered |
| Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn was/were + -ing — việc đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ | was seeing · was making · was missing |
| Bắt buộc: must / have to / need to nói rằng một việc là cần thiết | have to take · have to anticipate · had to tackle |
Phát âm cần chú ý
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: outperform /ˌaʊt.pɚˈfɔɹm/, footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/, straightforward /ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/, predict /pɹɪˈdɪkt/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: merger /ˈmɜː.d͡ʒə/, emerge /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/, margin /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/, merge /mɝd͡ʒ/, judgment /ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: tackle /ˈtækəl/, overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, gamble /ˈɡæm.bəl/, snack /snæk/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như biscuit, dairy, disappoint.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.