跟讀練習: Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1 - 通過影片學習英語口語

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48 句

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When business leaders develop strategies to tackle problems, they often have to take risks.

Nobody can predict the future, but businesses do have to anticipate it and make judgments.

The Kraft Heinz Company, based in the U.S., is a major player in the food industry.

Over 90 years, Kraft built up a portfolio of well-known food brands, including confectionery, biscuits, snacks, and dairy products.

In the first decade of the 21st century, Kraft's performance was poor.

Markets lacked confidence in the company's growth prospects.

Its profits were disappointing.

Kraft's products were less appealing to a new generation of consumers.

It was seeing demand for the processed food and drinks

that it manufactured from dairy all the way to Oreo biscuits decline and that the profit margin,

the amount of money it was making for every unit of sales, had been squeezed almost to the thinness of a piece of paper.

This was only the first of Kraft's problems.

The second issue that Kraft had to tackle was that it relied too heavily on its home US market.

That meant it was missing opportunities in fast-growing emerging markets around the world.

The company's third problem was that its costs were too high.

That meant it was not making enough profits on its sales.

Crafts management came up with a bold plan to tackle these issues.

It started with a takeover bid for the chocolate maker Cadbury.

Cadbury had a 200-year history of making chocolate in the UK.

Its products were well-established around the world, especially in emerging markets.

There was clearly an attraction of having an even larger portfolio of internationally recognised brands

that they could seek to take into different markets.

So, inevitably, attracting a bigger international audience was part of Kraft's interest in Cadbury's.

Kraft took a gamble that combining the operations of two established companies would be successful and solve another one of its problems.

Kraft's primary interest in Cadbury was it enabled it to,

because it became a bigger company, essentially cut costs.

Where there was overlap between the two companies, it found a way of saving money and increasing therefore the profit margin

that it was able to get from each one of its products.

The second stage of the strategic solution was a merger.

Kraft merged with another food giant, Heinz, and became the Kraft Heinz company.

The merger created the world's fifth largest food company.

As with the Cadbury deal, there was an opportunity to cut costs.

There were other potential advantages, which helped to solve Kraft's problems.

Heinz was considered more innovative in its development of new product lines that met changing consumer preference.

The immediate results were positive.

The Kraft Heinz company's share price rose 17% on news of the merger.

The combined company has been successful in cutting costs.

Looking at the Kraft story, it is clear the solutions involved considerable risks.

Takeovers and mergers do not always work.

Irene Rosenfeld was Kraft's chief executive.

She was responsible for the company's strategy.

I think there were a number of folks that we're questioning our acquisition of Cadbury.

We said it was going to be important to us to expand our portfolio, to expand our footprint, particularly in developing markets, and it's played out that way.

We are very much on track with the integration.

It's enabled us to outperform our peers around the world.

For Kraft Heinz, it seems that the risks paid off, but finding solutions to large corporate problems is not straightforward,

and taking risks can lead to business failures as well as successes.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 B1 級別的口語課以影片“Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：Kraft, Heinz, Cadbury, product, merger。這段影片共有 48 個句子、599 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 4:18。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 139 個詞，很適合跟讀。只有 79% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
merger 名詞	/ˈmɜː.d͡ʒə/	合併 /合併
tackle 動詞	/ˈtækəl/	鏟球 /鏟球
biscuit 名詞	/ˈbɪs.kɪt/	餅乾 /餅乾
emerge 動詞	/ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/	出現 /出現
dairy 名詞	/ˈdɛə.ɹi/	乳製品 /乳製品
combine 動詞	/kəmˈbaɪn/	結合 /結合, 組合 /組合
margin 名詞	/ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/	邊界 /邊界
confectionery 名詞	/kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/	糖果
footprint 名詞	/ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/	腳印 /腳印, 足印
disappoint 動詞	/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/	使…失望, 辜負 /辜負
takeover 名詞		兼併 /兼併
overlap 動詞	/ˌəʊvəˈlæp/	重疊
anticipate 動詞	/ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/	預料 /預料, 預想 /預想
merge 動詞	/mɝd͡ʒ/	合併
gamble 動詞	/ˈɡæm.bəl/	賭博 /賭博, 賭錢 /賭錢

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
come up with 動詞	想出, 提出

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	had been squeezed · was considered
過去進行時 was/were + -ing — 過去某一時刻正在進行的動作	was seeing · was making · was missing
義務：must / have to / need to 表示某事是必要的	have to take · have to anticipate · had to tackle

需要注意的發音

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: biscuit /ˈbɪs.kɪt/, emerge /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/, footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/, overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: considerable /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/, rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 merger, tackle, biscuit 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

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