Shadowing Practice: Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1 - Learn English Speaking with Video
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When business leaders develop strategies to tackle problems, they often have to take risks.
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Nobody can predict the future, but businesses do have to anticipate it and make judgments.
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The Kraft Heinz Company, based in the U.S., is a major player in the food industry.
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Over 90 years, Kraft built up a portfolio of well-known food brands, including confectionery, biscuits, snacks, and dairy products.
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In the first decade of the 21st century, Kraft's performance was poor.
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Markets lacked confidence in the company's growth prospects.
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Its profits were disappointing.
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Kraft's products were less appealing to a new generation of consumers.
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It was seeing demand for the processed food and drinks
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that it manufactured from dairy all the way to Oreo biscuits decline and that the profit margin,
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the amount of money it was making for every unit of sales, had been squeezed almost to the thinness of a piece of paper.
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This was only the first of Kraft's problems.
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The second issue that Kraft had to tackle was that it relied too heavily on its home US market.
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That meant it was missing opportunities in fast-growing emerging markets around the world.
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The company's third problem was that its costs were too high.
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That meant it was not making enough profits on its sales.
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Crafts management came up with a bold plan to tackle these issues.
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It started with a takeover bid for the chocolate maker Cadbury.
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Cadbury had a 200-year history of making chocolate in the UK.
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Its products were well-established around the world, especially in emerging markets.
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There was clearly an attraction of having an even larger portfolio of internationally recognised brands
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that they could seek to take into different markets.
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So, inevitably, attracting a bigger international audience was part of Kraft's interest in Cadbury's.
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Kraft took a gamble that combining the operations of two established companies would be successful and solve another one of its problems.
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Kraft's primary interest in Cadbury was it enabled it to,
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because it became a bigger company, essentially cut costs.
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Where there was overlap between the two companies, it found a way of saving money and increasing therefore the profit margin
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that it was able to get from each one of its products.
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The second stage of the strategic solution was a merger.
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Kraft merged with another food giant, Heinz, and became the Kraft Heinz company.
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The merger created the world's fifth largest food company.
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As with the Cadbury deal, there was an opportunity to cut costs.
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There were other potential advantages, which helped to solve Kraft's problems.
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Heinz was considered more innovative in its development of new product lines that met changing consumer preference.
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The immediate results were positive.
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The Kraft Heinz company's share price rose 17% on news of the merger.
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The combined company has been successful in cutting costs.
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Looking at the Kraft story, it is clear the solutions involved considerable risks.
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Takeovers and mergers do not always work.
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Irene Rosenfeld was Kraft's chief executive.
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She was responsible for the company's strategy.
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I think there were a number of folks that we're questioning our acquisition of Cadbury.
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We said it was going to be important to us to expand our portfolio, to expand our footprint, particularly in developing markets, and it's played out that way.
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We are very much on track with the integration.
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It's enabled us to outperform our peers around the world.
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For Kraft Heinz, it seems that the risks paid off, but finding solutions to large corporate problems is not straightforward,
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and taking risks can lead to business failures as well as successes.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel B1 se basa en el vídeo “Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1”. Las palabras que más se repiten: Kraft, Heinz, Cadbury, product, merger. Este vídeo tiene 48 frases y 599 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:18. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 139 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 79 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| merger sustantivo | /ˈmɜː.d͡ʒə/ | mersión, mergimiento |
| tackle verbo | /ˈtækəl/ | placar |
| portfolio sustantivo | /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/ | portafolio, portafolios |
| biscuit sustantivo | /ˈbɪs.kɪt/ | galleta, bísquet |
| emerge verbo | /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ | emerger, aparecer |
| dairy sustantivo | /ˈdɛə.ɹi/ | lácteos |
| combine verbo | /kəmˈbaɪn/ | combinar, juntar |
| margin sustantivo | /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/ | margen |
| enable verbo | /ɪˈneɪ.bəl/ | habilitar, posibilitar |
| confectionery sustantivo | /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/ | dulces |
| thinness sustantivo | delgadez, flaqueza | |
| footprint sustantivo | /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/ | pisada, huella |
| disappoint verbo | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ | decepcionar, desilusionar |
| takeover sustantivo | toma / tomada / tomadura de / del control | |
| overlap verbo | /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/ | solapar, traslapar |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| come up with verbo | ingeniar, ingeniarse |
| pay off verbo | valer la pena, salir a cuenta |
| play out verbo | discurrir |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | had been squeezed · was considered |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — una acción en curso en un momento del pasado | was seeing · was making · was missing |
| Obligación: must / have to / need to decir que algo es necesario | have to take · have to anticipate · had to tackle |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: straightforward /ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/, snack /snæk/, squeeze /skwiːz/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: squeeze /skwiːz/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como merger, tackle, portfolio.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.