跟读练习: Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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1
When business leaders develop strategies to tackle problems, they often have to take risks.
2
Nobody can predict the future, but businesses do have to anticipate it and make judgments.
3
The Kraft Heinz Company, based in the U.S., is a major player in the food industry.
4
Over 90 years, Kraft built up a portfolio of well-known food brands, including confectionery, biscuits, snacks, and dairy products.
5
In the first decade of the 21st century, Kraft's performance was poor.
6
Markets lacked confidence in the company's growth prospects.
7
Its profits were disappointing.
8
Kraft's products were less appealing to a new generation of consumers.
9
It was seeing demand for the processed food and drinks
10
that it manufactured from dairy all the way to Oreo biscuits decline and that the profit margin,
11
the amount of money it was making for every unit of sales, had been squeezed almost to the thinness of a piece of paper.
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This was only the first of Kraft's problems.
13
The second issue that Kraft had to tackle was that it relied too heavily on its home US market.
14
That meant it was missing opportunities in fast-growing emerging markets around the world.
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The company's third problem was that its costs were too high.
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That meant it was not making enough profits on its sales.
17
Crafts management came up with a bold plan to tackle these issues.
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It started with a takeover bid for the chocolate maker Cadbury.
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Cadbury had a 200-year history of making chocolate in the UK.
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Its products were well-established around the world, especially in emerging markets.
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There was clearly an attraction of having an even larger portfolio of internationally recognised brands
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that they could seek to take into different markets.
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So, inevitably, attracting a bigger international audience was part of Kraft's interest in Cadbury's.
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Kraft took a gamble that combining the operations of two established companies would be successful and solve another one of its problems.
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Kraft's primary interest in Cadbury was it enabled it to,
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because it became a bigger company, essentially cut costs.
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Where there was overlap between the two companies, it found a way of saving money and increasing therefore the profit margin
28
that it was able to get from each one of its products.
29
The second stage of the strategic solution was a merger.
30
Kraft merged with another food giant, Heinz, and became the Kraft Heinz company.
31
The merger created the world's fifth largest food company.
32
As with the Cadbury deal, there was an opportunity to cut costs.
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There were other potential advantages, which helped to solve Kraft's problems.
34
Heinz was considered more innovative in its development of new product lines that met changing consumer preference.
35
The immediate results were positive.
36
The Kraft Heinz company's share price rose 17% on news of the merger.
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The combined company has been successful in cutting costs.
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Looking at the Kraft story, it is clear the solutions involved considerable risks.
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Takeovers and mergers do not always work.
40
Irene Rosenfeld was Kraft's chief executive.
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She was responsible for the company's strategy.
42
I think there were a number of folks that we're questioning our acquisition of Cadbury.
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We said it was going to be important to us to expand our portfolio, to expand our footprint, particularly in developing markets, and it's played out that way.
44
We are very much on track with the integration.
45
It's enabled us to outperform our peers around the world.
46
For Kraft Heinz, it seems that the risks paid off, but finding solutions to large corporate problems is not straightforward,
47
and taking risks can lead to business failures as well as successes.
48
Outro Music
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B1 级别的口语课以视频“Business Partner B1+ Unit 4.1.1”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：Kraft, Heinz, Cadbury, product, merger。 这段视频共有 48 个句子、599 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:18。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 139 个词，很适合跟读。 只有 79% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| merger 名词 | /ˈmɜː.d͡ʒə/ | 合併 /合并 |
| tackle 动词 | /ˈtækəl/ | 鏟球 /铲球 |
| biscuit 名词 | /ˈbɪs.kɪt/ | 餅乾 /饼干 |
| emerge 动词 | /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ | 出現 /出现 |
| dairy 名词 | /ˈdɛə.ɹi/ | 乳製品 /乳制品 |
| combine 动词 | /kəmˈbaɪn/ | 結合 /结合, 組合 /组合 |
| margin 名词 | /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/ | 邊界 /边界 |
| confectionery 名词 | /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/ | 糖果 |
| footprint 名词 | /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/ | 腳印 /脚印, 足印 |
| disappoint 动词 | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ | 使…失望, 辜負 /辜负 |
| takeover 名词 | 兼併 /兼并 | |
| overlap 动词 | /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/ | 重叠 |
| anticipate 动词 | /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ | 預料 /预料, 預想 /预想 |
| merge 动词 | /mɝd͡ʒ/ | 合并 |
| gamble 动词 | /ˈɡæm.bəl/ | 賭博 /赌博, 賭錢 /赌钱 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| come up with 动词 | 想出, 提出 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | had been squeezed · was considered |
| 过去进行时 was/were + -ing — 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 | was seeing · was making · was missing |
| 义务：must / have to / need to 表示某事是必要的 | have to take · have to anticipate · had to tackle |
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, confectionery /kənˈfɛkʃənəɹi/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: biscuit /ˈbɪs.kɪt/, emerge /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/, footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/, overlap /ˌəʊvəˈlæp/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: considerable /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/, rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 merger, tackle, biscuit 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。