Практика Shadowing: Imagine You Liked Yourself - Naval Ravikant - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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167 предложений

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the worst outcome in the world is not having self-esteem why yeah it's a tough one uh well

i i i look at the people and i don't want to offend anybody

but i look at the people who don't like themselves

and that's the toughest slot because they're always wrestling with themselves

and it's hard enough to face the outside world um

and no one's going to like you more than you like yourself

so if you're struggling with yourself then the outside world becomes an insurmountable challenge.

And it's hard to say why people have low self-esteem.

It might be genetic.

It might just be circumstantial.

A lot of times I think it's because they just weren't unconditionally loved as a child.

And that sort of seeps in at a deep core level.

But self-esteem issues can be the most limiting.

One interesting thought is that, you know, to some extent, self-esteem is the reputation you have with yourself.

You're watching yourself at all times.

You know what you're doing and you have your own moral code.

Everyone has a different moral code.

But if you don't live up to your own moral code, the same code that you hold others to, it will damage your self-esteem.

So perhaps one way to build up your self-esteem is to live up to your own code, very rigorously have one and then live up to it.

Another way to raise your self-esteem might be to do things for others.

If I look back on my life and, you know, what are the moments that I'm actually proud of?

There's very far and few between and it's not

that often it's not the things you would expect it's not the material success it's not having learned this thing

or that it's when i made a sacrifice for somebody

or something that i loved and uh that's

when i'm actually ironically most proud now that's through an explicit mental exercise

but i'll bet you at some level i'm recording that implicitly

so that tells me that even

if i am not being loved then the way to create

love is to give love to to express love through sacrifice

and through duty and so i think doing things like that can build up your self-esteem really fast.

It's interesting when you talk about sacrifice because a lot of the time people say, I sacrifice so much for my job.

It's like, yeah, but that was you sacrificing something

that you wanted less for something that you wanted more as opposed to genuinely taking some sort of cost.

And yeah, I wonder whether if self-esteem is you adhering to your internal,

your actions and your values aligning even when it's difficult or perhaps even more so when it's difficult,

I wonder whether there is a price that people who are more introspective, high integrity pay, because you think,

well, you've got this heavier set of overheads that you need to pay in some way.

Well, if being ethical were profitable, everybody would do it, right?

So at some level, it does involve a sacrifice.

But that sacrifice can also be thought of as you're thinking for the long term rather than the short term.

For example, the virtues are the set of beliefs that if everybody in society followed them as individuals, it would lead to win-win outcomes for everybody.

So if I am honest and you are honest, then we can do business more easily.

We can interact more easily because we can trust each other.

So even though there might be a few liars in the system, as long as there aren't too many liars and too many cheaters, a high trust society where everybody's honest is better off.

And I think a lot of the virtues work this way, right?

If I don't go around sleeping with your wife and you don't sleep with mine, and, you know, if I don't take all the food that's at the table first and so on, then we all get along better and we can play win-win games.

in game theory the most famous game is prisoner's dilemma

but that's all about everybody cheating

and the Nash equilibrium the stable equilibrium there is everybody cheats

and your fort the only way you can be you can play a win-win game is

if you have long-term iterated moves

but that's not actually the most common game played in society

the most common game played is one called a stag's hunt where

if we cooperate we can bring down a big stag

and both have big dinners but

if we don't cooperate then we have to go hunt like rabbits

and we each have small dinners so most of uh and

that game has two stable equilibriums

and one could be where we're both hunting the rabbit

and one could be where we're hunting the stag

so the high trust society is a more most more virtuous

society where i can trust you to come hunt the stag with me

and show up on time and do the work

and divide it up properly

so you want to live in a system where everybody has their own set of virtues

and follows them and then we all win.

But I would argue you don't need to do that for sacrifice.

You don't need to do that for other people.

You can do it just purely for yourself.

You will have higher self-esteem.

You will attract other high virtue people.

Would I go on a stag hunt with me?

Correct.

Yeah, that's right.

And if you're the kind of person, if you're the kind of person who long-term signals ethics and virtues,

then you will attract other people who are ethical and virtuous.

Whereas if you are a shark, you will eventually find yourself swimming entirely amongst sharks.

And that's an unpleasant existence.

But again, this goes back to the equivalent of the marshmallow test.

And by the way, the marshmallow test does not replicate.

It's fake science.

I saw the replication crisis hard recently.

But it is about trading off the short term for the long term.

And so I think for a lot of these so-called virtues, there are long-term selfish reasons to be virtuous.

Yeah.

Did you deal with self-doubt in the past?

Is that something that was a hurdle for you to overcome?

Yes and no. I think I dealt with self-doubt in the sense that, oh, I don't know what I'm doing and I need to figure it out.

But I didn't doubt myself in the way of somebody else knows better than me for me or that, you know, I'm an idiot or I'm not worthwhile or anything

that i guess i had the benefit of i grew up

with a lot of love like the people around me love me unconditionally

and so that just gave me a lot of confidence uh not the kind of confidence

that would say i have the answer but the kind of confidence

that i will figure it out and i know what i want

or only i am a good arbiter of what i want yeah

that level of self-belief i suppose allows you to determine what is it

that matters to me my self-esteem should i chase this thing or not, I can make a fair judgment on that as opposed to being so swayed.

But it's such a good point about even if you think you're not consciously logging the stuff that you're doing, there is some that's in the back of your mind.

100

Was it the daemon?

101

Is that what the ancient Greeks or something used to talk about?

102

Yeah.

103

Also in computer science, there's a concept of a daemon, which is a program that's always running in the background.

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You can't see it.

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But yeah, it probably comes from the ancient Greek daemon.

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But yeah, what you know that you don't even know you know is far greater than what you know you know, right?

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You can't even articulate most of the things you know.

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There are feelings you have that have no words for them.

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There are thoughts you have that are felt within the body or subconsciously that you never articulate to yourself.

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You can't articulate the rules of grammar, yet you exercise them effortlessly when you speak.

111

so i would argue that your implicit knowledge and your knowledge

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that is unknown to yourself is far greater than the knowledge you can articulate

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and that you can communicate and

114

so at some level you're always watching yourself that's what your

115

consciousness is right it's the thing that's watching everything including your mind including your body

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so if you want to uh have high self-esteem then earn your own self-respect i had this idea the internal golden rule.

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So the golden rule says treat others the way that you should be treated, you want to be treated.

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The internal golden rule says treat yourself like others should have treated you.

119

And it was a riposte to maybe people that didn't grow up with unconditional love in that way.

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On the love thing, one of the interesting things about love is you can try to remember the feeling of being loved.

121

So go back to when someone was in love with you or someone did love you and like, really remember that feeling, like really sit with it and try to recreate it within yourself.

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And then go to the feeling of you loving someone.

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And when you were in love, and I'm not even talking about romantic love necessarily.

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So be a little careful there.

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I'm talking more about like love for it.

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Sometimes get complex if you're talking about past romantic love.

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Right.

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A sibling or a child or something like that or a parent

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and think about when you felt love towards someone or something

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and now which is better and i would argue

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that the feeling of being in love is actually more exhilarating

132

than the feeling of being loved being loved is a little

133

cloying it's a little too sweet you kind of want to push the person away it's a little embarrassing

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and you know that if that person is too much into it

135

that you feel constrained on the other hand the feeling of being in love is very expansive.

136

It's very open.

137

It actually makes you a better version of yourself.

138

It makes you want to be a better person.

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And so you can create love anytime you want.

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It's just that craving to receive it.

141

That's the problem.

142

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That's drinklmnt.com slash modern wisdom.

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Thank you very much for tuning in.

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If you enjoyed that clip with Naval, just a mere taster, the full length episode is available right here.

167

Go on, watch it.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «Imagine You Liked Yourself - Naval Ravikant». В этом видео 167 предложений и 2111 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 10:23. Говорящий говорит быстро, около 203 слов в минуту, поэтому звуки часто сливаются и сокращаются. 85% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
esteem глагол	/ɪˈstiːm/	уважа́ть, почита́ть
stag существительное	/stæɡ/	оле́нь, рогач
daemon существительное	/ˈdiː.mən/	де́мон
virtuous прилагательное	/ˈvɝt͡ʃuəs/	доброде́тельный, целому́дренный
equilibrium существительное	/ɛkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/	равнове́сие, бала́нс
electrolyte существительное	/ɪˈlɛk.tɹəˌlaɪt/	электроли́т
marshmallow существительное	/ˈmɑɹʃˌmɛl.oʊ/	маршмэ́ллоу
unconditionally наречие		безогово́рочно, беспрекосло́вно
craving существительное	/ˈkɹeɪ.vɪŋ/	влече́ние, жа́жда
cooperate глагол	/kəʊˈɒp.ə.ɹeɪt/	сотру́дничать, коопери́ровать
oppose глагол	/əˈpoʊz/	препя́тствовать, воспрепя́тствовать
liar существительное	/ˈlaɪ.ɚ/	лгун, лгу́нья
flavor существительное	/ˈfleɪvə/	вкус, арома́т
rabbit существительное	/ˈɹæbɪt/	кро́лик, крольчи́ха
cheat глагол	/ˈt͡ʃiːt/	моше́нничать, смоше́нничать

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Значение
build up глагол	накапливаться, скапливаться
get along глагол	ла́дить, ужива́ться
grow up глагол	расти́, выраста́ть

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:

You're watching yourself at all times.
You don't need to do that for other people.
Would I go on a stag hunt with me?
Did you deal with self-doubt in the past?
Is that something that was a hurdle for you to overcome?

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Условные предложения if + предложение, will/would + глагол — условие и его результат	if being ethical were profitable, everybody would do · if you are a shark, you will eventually
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	being loved · be thought · are felt
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	people who don · people who are · person who long
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	You've probably heard · I've started

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 51 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, you're, I'm. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «th»: ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/
Звуки «sh» и «zh»: marshmallow /ˈmɑɹʃˌmɛl.oʊ/, circumstantial /səɹ.kəmˈstænʃəl/, hydration /haɪˈdɹeɪʃən/, replication /ɹɛplɪˈkeɪʃən/, unconditional /ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənəl/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: articulate /ɑːɹˈtɪk.jə.leɪt/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/, equilibrium /ɛkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/, electrolyte /ɪˈlɛk.tɹəˌlaɪt/, cooperate /kəʊˈɒp.ə.ɹeɪt/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

/w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: equilibrium /ɛkwɪˈlɪbɹɪəm/, sway /ˈsweɪ̯/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/
/h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: hurdle /ˈhɝd(ə)l/, hydration /haɪˈdɹeɪʃən/, adhere /ædˈhɪə/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/
Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: stag /stæɡ/, oppose /əˈpoʊz/, expansive /ɪkˈspænsɪv/, introspective /ˌɪntɹəˈspɛktɪv/, optimize /ˈɑptɪmaɪz/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как esteem, stag, daemon.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Imagine You Liked Yourself - Naval Ravikant - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Ключевая лексика этого видео

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Грамматика в этом видео

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Как заниматься с этим видео

Что такое техника Shadowing?