Практика Shadowing: Vol 1 - test 2 - section 3 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

Создание урока...
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Section 3.
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You will hear two sports physiotherapy students called John and Kath preparing a joint presentation on foot injuries in sports players.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26 on page 4.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
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I've had a look at your draft presentation plan and compared it with mine, Kath, and we seem to have the same basic structure.
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We've both included the same three main sections, that's the anatomy of the foot, the injuries and the treatment, and we've organised our presentations in the same way.
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But the types of sports we've chosen to illustrate the possible injuries aren't the same.
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I'll deal with the anatomy bit.
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I've got notes and a handout on that from Professor Gilligan's lecture.
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Oh, I was hoping to do that.
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I've downloaded some useful stuff.
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I do think we should limit this section though.
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We don't want to spend much time on anatomy when the main focus is on the treatment.
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That's true, but in the last section, maybe the two of us could show how some of these therapies actually work.
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I could be the patient and you could do the treatment.
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Hmm, good idea.
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Because it's hard to find pictures, as injuries are mostly internal.
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It would be good to hear some first-hand accounts from injured athletes, too.
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Yeah, but we don't have time.
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No. Should we then discuss different types of heel injury?
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It's worth pointing out that these vary enormously in how bad they are.
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It might be just a pulled muscle, or a bone injury, which needs surgery.
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Sometimes only an expert can tell the difference.
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Excellent.
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I'll do the slides on that.
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Leave that one to me.
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Now, what about causes of heel injuries?
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Well, it's easy enough to list them.
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Overuse, improper footwear...
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Yes.
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Um, incorrect running style?
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They're all relevant, but for simplicity, let's just pick one cause.
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Say, stuff about changing your training habits suddenly.
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You mean like suddenly doing a lot of mountain training?
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Yes, that's a good idea.
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and there was research on that in the latest edition of Physio Journal wasn't there?
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Professor Gilligan recommended it to us.
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Great.
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You can leave the bit on stretching techniques to me.
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I really like all that stuff.
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So what's going to be your approach there?
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Well, I'll summarise all the various techniques with visual support
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and then I'll make the point that the stretching should be carefully managed.
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Obviously you have to be careful not to overstretch and to stretch only when your muscles are warmed up.
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Otherwise you could do yourself more harm than good.
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It's also important that on a supervised programme stretching is later on combined with balance exercises, which stretch and also strengthen the muscles.
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OK then.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30 on page 5.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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It's always useful to have some information on case studies at the end, in case we're short of material.
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Did you manage to find anything?
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Yes, a female runner in her 30s talking about her treatment for a swollen heel.
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Initially she rested the injury.
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This did help to reduce the swelling, although it was still a little bit uncomfortable.
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Then she applied an ice pack to the injury twice a day.
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Did that work?
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Well, she persisted with this treatment for the first month, but decided it wasn't helping.
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After this period she was shown how to use deep tissue massage techniques, and was surprised at how much freedom of movement this created in her foot.
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Wasn't she having ultrasound treatment?
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Yes, she was having sessions at the hospital, but she remained unconvinced about its value.
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She felt the same about the balancing exercises she was prescribed.
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OK, that's interesting.
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I looked at the aftercare programme of a male sprinter who
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was allowed to do some sports activity as part of his rehabilitation.
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After four months of treatment, he did some light running on grass, wearing shoes that gave plenty of support to his injured heel.
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So it didn't hurt?
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Well, he found the heel was sore afterwards, and the same happened with some jumping exercises he was asked to try.
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Did he go to the gym and use weights?
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Yes, after a few weeks, and if he used light weights, he could train without pain.
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He also tried cycling and found this beneficial, as his foot was not making contact with the ground.
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He expected a similar result with swimming, but found the repetitive kicking motion was actually aggravating the injury.
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Well, both these case studies have value...
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That is the end of Section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Now turn to section 4 on page 6.

Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

В этом видео 76 предложений и 804 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:49. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 118 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. 84% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 менее частых слов из видео с произношением и значением:

  • stretch /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ (глагол) — вытя́гивать, вы́тянуть. To lengthen by pulling.
  • heel /hil/ (существительное) — пя́тка, пята́. The rear part of the foot, where it joins the leg.
  • technique /tɛkˈniːk/ (существительное) — те́хника. The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
  • muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (существительное) — мы́шца, му́скул. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
  • presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/ (существительное) — представле́ние, презента́ция. The act of presenting, or something presented.
  • anatomy /əˈnætəmi/ (существительное) — анатомирова́ние, анато́мия. The science that deals with the form and structure of organic bodies; anatomical structure or organization.
  • carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ (наречие) — осторо́жно, аккура́тно. With care; attentively, circumspectly.
  • swell /swɛl/ (глагол) — раздува́ться, набуха́ть. To become larger, fuller, or rounder, or expand in size or shape, usually as a result of pressure from within.
  • bone /boʊn/ (существительное) — кость. A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.
  • harm /hɑːm/ (существительное) — вред, уще́рб. Physical injury; hurt; damage.
  • compare /kəmˈpɛɚ/ (глагол) — сра́внивать, сравни́ть. To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things [“to compare X with Y”]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it…
  • afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ (наречие) — по́зже, потом. At a later or succeeding time; after that;
  • grass /ɡɹɑːs/ (существительное) — трава́, мурава́. Any plant of the family Poaceae, characterized by leaves that arise from nodes in the stem and leaf bases that wrap around the stem, especially those grown as…
  • tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ (существительное) — ткань. Thin, woven, gauzelike fabric.
  • slide /ˈslaɪ̯d/ (существительное) — го́рка. An item of play equipment that children can climb up and then slide down again.

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

  • deal with (глагол) — справляться с. To handle verbally or in some form of artistic expression; to address or discuss as a subject.
  • point out (глагол) — ука́зывать, указа́ть. To identify among a group of similar subjects, or in a scene where the subject might not be readily seen or noticed, with a gesture of the body.
  • talk about (глагол) — ну и, вот э́то. Used to draw attention to the speaker's characterization of someone or something.
  • warm up /ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/ (глагол) — нагрева́ться, нагре́ться. To become warmer.

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 19 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I'll, I've, wasn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

  • Звуки «th»: athlete /ˈæθ.liːt/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/, physiotherapy /ˌfɪziəʊˈθerəpi/
  • Звуки «sh» и «zh»: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, shoe /ˈʃu/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, massage /məˈsɑ(d)ʒ/
  • Длинные слова — следите за ударением: anatomy /əˈnætəmi/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, rehabilitation /ˌɹiː.əˌbɪl.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/, simplicity /sɪmˈplɪsɪti/

Как заниматься с этим видео

  1. Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
  2. Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
  3. Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как stretch, heel, technique.

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

КонструкцияВ видео
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делаетare warmed · was shown · was prescribed
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчасwe've organised · we've chosen · I've downloaded

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →