Pratique du Shadowing: Learning to Speak ... Again - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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It's well known that between the ages of approximately one and five, the offspring of Homo sapiens, slowly and at times lopsidedly,
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do something called learn to speak.
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They acquire some key words, lunch, cat, mummy, fart, assemble some basic grammar and are, by the time they're the size of a chair,
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well on the way to one of the key markers of human competence.
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Except for one thing, shortly after they learn to speak, children also learn, as it were, not to speak.
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At first, they aren't very good at not speaking, which is why, for a precious time, they're very funny indeed, as well as occasionally rather excruciating.
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They use their newfound linguistic skill to come out with utterances like, Granny smells under her legs, Jane looks a bit like a giraffe,
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and can you put a poo back in your bottom once it's come out?
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Then, sure enough, to the mixed relief of the adults around, children learn not to speak.
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They become careful custodians of their more charged insights.
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Out go the large questions, rude observations and naked confessions.
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By eight, they know how to say, I'm very well, thank you, how are you?
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By eleven, they might tell you, I don't mind that my parents are getting divorced, I get to go to Disneyland.
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And by seventeen, pretty much all of the wonder
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and pain of being alive has ceased to make it out of their lips.
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Something evidently goes astray, so much so that we might posit
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that becoming a true adult might rely on going in the opposite direction, on a process of remembering how to speak once again,
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in emotional rather than grammatical terms.
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We accede to genuine maturity
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when we can dare to once again take people into the phenomenal mystery and agony of being ourselves,
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with all the fear, joy, questions and doubts implied.
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It can take a while to realise just how much we've grown used to not saying.
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Silence on the key areas tends to become our second nature.
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It isn't just that we're deceiving others, we've lost the thread even within ourselves, omitting so much as to notice all the anger,
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terror or joy coursing through us at subterranean levels.
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Imagine therefore a somewhat bold experiment, in its way as challenging and rewarding as taking up a new sport or mastering a new recipe.
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Imagine if we attempted to undo three
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or five decades of experience to travel back to the raw state we knew in our original home.
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We would of course have to take some precautions
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but it's part of the incoherence of adult social life to picture ourselves unable to do so.
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We don't in reality face such a stark choice between honesty and ostracism.
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There are well-worn ways of being at once true and kind, honest and unfrightening.
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We can wrap our moments of candor in levity and good sense.
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Imagine if we said, for example, forgive me but as much as I want to be kind here there's something I might be a bit furious about, which is obviously crazy, but bear with me.
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Or, it's not that I don't like you, I'm scared that you're going to reject me, which probably explains why I've been behaving like a bit of a weirdo these past days.
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Or, I'm not just gazing out of the window, I'm actually worrying that you're going to find me bad in bed later.
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Or, I'm not really grumpy, I'm actually going out of my mind with anxiety.
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We've picked up the message that such truths are extremely dangerous to share.
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no one could get a view of our actual levels of pain, worry, desire and still be on our side.
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But that's to forget a bedrock fact that we're all beneath a layer of social subterfuge, longing for reassurance that there are echoes of our intimate,
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bewildering experiences in the minds of others.
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We're all mad, sick with worry, entirely lost and desperately anxious about our appearance, achievements and likability.
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We become more charming when we speak up because
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so much of what makes us unpleasant is related in the end to our unwitting deceitfulness.
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Not only don't we want to have lunch, we see no option but to pretend that we would like to.
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Not only do we leave relationships, we can't bear to own up to our wish to do so and therefore come across as sentimental and confusing.
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How much better if we have the confidence that we, like small children except more so because we have greater self-control and tact,
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are at our most beguiling when we can stick as close as possible to how things actually are.
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When we can say, this is lovely but I don't want to take it any further, I'm so sorry.
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Or I'm really furious, there's a part of me that wants to scream and sob on the floor.
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Or I make no assumptions at all but I really do find you attractive, I hope it's okay to tell you.
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Or I'm so worried that I failed in your eyes, I do apologise.
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We'll learn to properly live when we stop being so morbidly embarrassed of our reality.
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No one asked us to be alive, no one asks us to suffer as we do, we're not responsible for how peculiar it is to be ourselves.
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What is in our power is to be unfrightened by the contents of our minds
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and to use our artfulness and intelligence to share as much of it as possible with those we come across.
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We will, in the process, reassure them of their normality, deepen our friendships and feel less peculiar about our natures,
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we'll get a little closer to experiencing life as it actually is.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Learning to Speak ... Again ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : speak, learn, ourselves. Cette vidéo contient 58 phrases et 967 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:17. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 183 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 82 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| peculiar adjectif | /pɪˈkjul.jɚ/ | particulier, extraordinaire |
| furious adjectif | /ˈfjʊəɹi.əs/ | furieux |
| bedrock nom | /ˈbɛdˌɹɑk/ | roche mère, soubassement |
| beguile verbe | /bɪˈɡaɪl/ | duper, tromper |
| bewilder verbe | /bɪˈwɪldɚ/ | abasourdir, confondre |
| candor nom | /ˈkæn.də(ɹ)/ | candeur |
| custodian nom | /kəˈstoʊdiən/ | gardien, gardienne |
| deceive verbe | /dɪˈsiːv/ | tromper, leurrer |
| deepen verbe | /ˈdiːpən/ | approfondir |
| excruciating adjectif | /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/ | insoutenable, atroce |
| giraffe nom | /d͡ʒəˈɹæf/ | girafe, chameaupard |
| grammatical adjectif | /ɡɹəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/ | grammatical |
| grumpy adjectif | /ˈɡɹʌmpi/ | grognon |
| incoherence nom | /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪəɹəns/ | incohérence |
| levity nom | /ˈlɛ.vɪ.ti/ | nonchalance, légèreté |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| come across verbe | avoir l'air de | |
| come out verbe | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | sortir |
| pick up verbe | soulever |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has ceased · we've grown · we've lost |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | speaking, which is · about, which is |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 31 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, don't, we're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/, precaution /pɹiːˈkɔ.ʃən/, reassure /ˌɹi.əˈʃʊɹ/, subterfuge /ˈsʌbtəɹˌfjuː(d)ʒ/, confession /kənˈfɛʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: deceitfulness /dɪˈsiːtfəlnəs/, excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/, grammatical /ɡɹəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/, incoherence /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪəɹəns/, normality /nɔɹˈmæl.ə.ti/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: incoherence /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪəɹəns/, behave /bɪˈheɪv/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: furious /ˈfjʊəɹi.əs/, astray /əˈstɹeɪ/, bedrock /ˈbɛdˌɹɑk/, candor /ˈkæn.də(ɹ)/, excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/
- /ŋ/ final — sans prononcer de /g/ après: excruciating /ɪkˈskɹuʃi.eɪtɪŋ/, offspring /ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme peculiar, furious, bedrock.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.