Pratique du Shadowing: English - Medieval York - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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26 phrases
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1
The city of York, which stands on the River Ouse, in the northern English county of Yorkshire, has a very long history.
2
It was founded by the Romans in 71 AD, and by medieval times was one of the most important cities in England.
3
William the Conqueror built the castle in about 1070 to control the city,
4
but all that remains is the keep, called Clifford's Tower.
5
The city is still surrounded by its medieval walls.
6
Very few towns in England have any trace of their medieval walls nowadays, and these are the best preserved.
7
The four main gatehouses, which give entry to the city, were very useful in medieval times, to levy taxes on goods coming into the city.
8
There are many medieval buildings, including half-timbered houses.
9
The Merchant Adventurers Hall is one of the most important medieval buildings in the city.
10
It was founded in 1357 to promote economic activity and trade.
11
The River Ouse was an important thoroughfare, and merchant ships arrived in York with cargoes of wine from France,
12
furs from the Baltic and cloth from today's Netherlands, making York wealthy.
13
The first church on the site was made of wood and built in 627.
14
The present Minster, as the cathedral is called,
15
was built in the 13th century and is mainly constructed of cream-coloured magnesium limestone, which is found nearby in Yorkshire.
16
The minster is a supreme example of perpendicular Gothic architecture, which laid stress on soaring vertical lines,
17
high windows with pointed arches, huge rose windows and decorative fan vaulting.
18
There are 128 stained glass windows in the Minster.
19
It is the largest area of stained glass in the world and the creation of anonymous medieval craftsmen.
20
Like Purbeck marble from the south coast of England, was often used for tombs, especially for those of archbishops.
21
The choir stalls were reserved for important churchmen and monks, one of the few social groups who could read and write.
22
One of the glories of York Minster is the King's screen, with 15 sculptures of kings of England from William the Conqueror to Henry VI,
23
who was murdered in 1471.
24
York was famous for its cycles of mystery plays, put on outside the Minster to entertain the populace,
25
but also to warn them to behave or go to hell after death.
26
The city of York, a rich source of medieval culture in the north of England.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « English - Medieval York ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : medieval, minster, England, windows, built. Cette vidéo contient 26 phrases et 394 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:25. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 115 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 79 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
medieval adjectif/mɪdˈi.vəl/médiéval, moyenâgeux
minster nom/ˈmɪnstɚ/moutier
stain nom/steɪn/tache
merchant nom/ˈmɝt͡ʃənt/marchand, marchande
craftsman nom/ˈkɹæftsmən/artisan
gatehouse nomconciergerie
magnesium nom/ˌmæɡˈnizi.əm/magnésium
perpendicular adjectif/ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/perpendiculaire
populace nom/ˈpɑpjələs/bas peuple, plèbe
thoroughfare nom/ˈθʌɹəfɛː/passage
limestone nom/ˈlaɪmˌstoʊn/calcaire
surround verbe/səˈɹaʊnd/entourer, cerner
stall nom/stɔːl/stalle, logette
decorative adjectif/ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/décoratif
archbishop nom/ˌɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˈbɪʃəp/archevêque

Prononciation à surveiller

  • Les sons « th »: thoroughfare /ˈθʌɹəfɛː/, cathedral /kəˈθiːdɹəl/, cloth /klɒθ/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: magnesium /ˌmæɡˈnizi.əm/, perpendicular /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/, decorative /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/, anonymous /əˈnɒn.ə.məs/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: merchant /ˈmɝt͡ʃənt/, churchman /ˈt͡ʃɜːt͡ʃmən/, archbishop /ˌɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˈbɪʃəp/, sculpture /ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/, arch /ɑɹt͡ʃ/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: craftsman /ˈkɹæftsmən/, perpendicular /ˌpɜː.pənˈdɪk.jə.lə(ɹ)/, thoroughfare /ˈθʌɹəfɛː/, surround /səˈɹaʊnd/, decorative /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme medieval, minster, stain.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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