Практика Shadowing: This Will Make You Quit Social Media - Andrew Huberman - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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61 предложений
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Just how triggering are our phones when it comes to dopamine?
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Okay, great question.
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We often hear that, you know, that social media is getting dopamine hit after dopamine hit.
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When we first get on social media for the first time or after a long period of time, the amount of dopamine that's released we think is quite substantial.
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It's novel.
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Remember, dopamine is about novelty, surprise, and the sense that we are on some exciting track.
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That's what dopamine is really about.
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It puts us into states of readiness, anticipation, looking, seeking, et cetera, almost always for things outside the confines of our skin.
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Just to contrast it maybe for a bit more of a future discussion, serotonin does the opposite a lot of serotonin in our brain and body, typically it makes us feel satisfied,
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sated, and more quiescent, comfortable with what we have in our own immediate sphere and within us, right?
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The comfort of a good meal, the food you have, dopamine is about go, go, go.
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If you look at somebody who's high on cocaine or methamphetamine, it's all about pursuit.
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because that's a very dopaminergic drug.
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You look at somebody who's taken a drug, and I'm not suggesting people do this, but it really ramps up serotonin.
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Let's say a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.
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Prozac, Zoloft, et cetera.
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The side effects of those drugs, if the dosages are too high, lack of appetite, lack of libido, kind of meh about life, you know, then so they'll adjust the dose down.
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That's because those are serotonergic drugs.
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So in general, when we are in pursuit of things, dopamine is quite high.
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So, Now you have to remind me your question, 'cause I've set up the dopamine serotonin parallel.
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- Cell phones.
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- Ah, cell phones, yes.
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Forgive me.
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So the thing about cell phones is when you first get on there, and you have, let's say, no Wi -Fi on the flight or something, and you land, it can actually be quite stimulating.
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You get a lot of dopamine.
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Oh, there's this.
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Oh, there's that.
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But very quickly, when you're scrolling on social media, you're no longer getting the novelty, but you're continuing to do it, and you almost don't know why you're doing it.
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At that point, it shifts over to something that's a bit more like an obsessive compulsive behavior,
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where we can define an obsessive compulsive behavior where the obsession leads to a compulsion.
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but the acting out of the compulsion merely serves to increase the obsession.
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This is very different than being obsessed with food or obsessed with cleanliness.
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- There's no payoff.
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- Right, exactly.
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There's no anxiety relief by carrying out the compulsion.
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With OCD behaviors, like scrolling social media, the dopamine quickly wanes, and then you find that you're just sort of, and we've all been there,
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you're scrolling, and like, why am I doing this?
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This isn't that interesting.
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That isn't, this isn't that interesting.
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Now, the algorithms for social media are very clever and I don't want to demonize it.
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I, you know, provide a lot of a lot of my life is spent on, you know, on social media now.
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But the algorithms that they've incorporated function on the most powerful way to keep people doing a behavior,
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or an animal for that matter, is intermittent random reward, a random intermittent reward that you don't know when you're going to hit the jackpot.
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So you're scrolling, you're scrolling, and then you see something.
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Typically, it's very high what, you know, in nerd speak, we'd say signal to noise.
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So if you're reading some interesting things, this came out in the news, this came out, and then it's all of a sudden a riot.
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"or a person that is base jumping off a building, "or for people that are scrolling,
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"looking at bodies or something like that, live bodies.
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"Hopefully people aren't looking at dead bodies.
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"But look, if something's very tragic, "then that has this gravitational pull." And then what happens is you start getting
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the system working for that next dopamine hit that you don't know when it's going to come.
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It's just like gambling.
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So I look at social media as initially being very dopaminergic, driving rewards, surprise and excitement,
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but very quickly transitioning to something more like OCD and the kinds of behaviors where it looks,
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if we were to look at ourselves through the lens of an experiment like we would an animal experiment, we think that animal is sick.
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looking, looking, looking, looking, looking, looking, looking, you'd think that's really sad.
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That's us.
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What's happening people?
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If you enjoyed that, then press here for the full unedited episode.
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And don't forget to subscribe.
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Peace.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня C1 построен на видео «This Will Make You Quit Social Media - Andrew Huberman». Чаще всего повторяются слова: dopamine, scrolling, serotonin, behavior, phones. В этом видео 61 предложений и 790 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 4:20. Говорящий говорит быстро, около 182 слов в минуту, поэтому звуки часто сливаются и сокращаются. Только 81% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| dopamine существительное | /ˈdoʊ.pəˌmin/ | дофами́н |
| scroll существительное | /skɹoʊl/ | сви́ток |
| serotonin существительное | /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/ | серотони́н |
| compulsion существительное | /kəmˈpʌlʃən/ | позы́в, жела́ние |
| compulsive прилагательное | /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/ | неконтроли́руемый, навязчивый |
| intermittent прилагательное | /ˌɪntɚˈmɪtn̩t/ | преры́вистый, нестабильный |
| obsess глагол | /əbˈsɛs/ | заци́клиться, заци́кливаться |
| novelty существительное | /ˈnɑvəlti/ | новизна́ |
| obsession существительное | /əbˈsɛʃən/ | одержи́мость |
| algorithm существительное | /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/ | алгори́тм |
| cleanliness существительное | /ˈklɛn.li.nᵻs/ | чистота́, чи́стость |
| confine глагол | /ˈkɑnfaɪn/ | ограни́чивать, ограни́чить |
| demonize глагол | /ˈdiːmənaɪz/ | демонизи́ровать |
| excite глагол | /ɪkˈsaɪt/ | волнова́ть, взволнова́ть |
| gravitational прилагательное | /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/ | гравитацио́нный |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| carry out глагол | /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ | выноси́ть, вы́нести |
| come out глагол | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | выходи́ть, вы́йти |
| set up глагол | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | устана́вливать, установи́ть |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | I've set · they've incorporated |
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | being obsessed · is spent |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 26 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например you're, don't, isn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, methamphetamine /ˌmɛθæmˈfɛtəˌmiːn/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: compulsion /kəmˈpʌlʃən/, obsession /əbˈsɛʃən/, gravitational /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: serotonin /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/, dopaminergic /ˌdəʊ.pə.mɪˈnɜː.d͡ʒɪk/, gravitational /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/, inhibitor /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɚ/, methamphetamine /ˌmɛθæmˈfɛtəˌmiːn/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: compulsive /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/, obsessive /əbˈsɛs.ɪv/, demonize /ˈdiːmənaɪz/, dosage /ˈdəʊsɪd͡ʒ/, selective /səˈlɛktɪv/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как dopamine, scroll, serotonin.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.