跟讀練習: Cambridge 16 Test 4 Section 3 Listening - 通過影片學習英語口語

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89 句
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Part 3.
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You will hear two urban planning students discussing bike -sharing schemes in different cities.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24.
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Now that we've done all the research into bike -sharing schemes in cities around the world,
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we need to think about how we're going to organise our report.
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Right.
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I think we should start by talking about the benefits.
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I mean, it's great that
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so many cities have introduced these schemes where anyone can pick up a bike from dozens of different locations
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and hire it for a few hours.
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It makes riding a bike very convenient for people.
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Yes, but the costs can add up and that puts people on low incomes off in some places.
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I suppose so.
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But if it means more people in general are cycling rather than driving, then because they're increasing the amount of physical activity they do,
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it's good for their health.
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OK, but isn't that of less importance?
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I mean, doesn't the impact of reduced emissions on air pollution have a more significant effect on people's health?
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Certainly in some cities, bike sharing has made a big contribution to that and also helped to cut the number of cars on the road significantly.
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Which is the main point.
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Exactly.
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But I'd say it's had less of an impact on noise pollution because there are still loads of buses and lorries around.
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Right.
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Shall we quickly discuss the recommendations we're going to make?
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In order to ensure bike -sharing schemes are successful?
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Yes.
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OK.
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Well, while I think it's nice to have really state -of -the -art bikes with things like GPS, I wouldn't say they're absolutely necessary.
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But some technical things are really important, like a fully functional app, so people can make payments and book bikes easily.
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Places which haven't invested in that have really struggled.
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Good point.
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Some people say there shouldn't be competing companies offering separate bike -sharing schemes, but in some really big cities, competition's beneficial.
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And anyway, one company might not be able to manage the whole thing.
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Right.
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Deciding how much to invest is a big question.
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Cities
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which have opened loads of new bike lanes at the same time as introducing bike -sharing schemes have generally been more successful,
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but there are examples of successful schemes where this hasn't happened.
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What does matter, though, is having a big publicity campaign.
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Definitely.
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If people don't know how to use the scheme or don't understand its benefits, they won't use it.
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People need a lot of persuasion to stop using their cars.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 25 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.
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Shall we look at some examples now and say what we think is good or bad about them?
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I suppose we should start with Amsterdam, as this was one of the first cities to have a bike -sharing scheme.
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Yes.
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There was already a strong culture of cycling here.
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In a way, it's strange that there was such a demand for bike sharing, because you'd have thought most people would have used their own bikes.
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And yet it's one of the best used schemes.
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Dublin's an interesting example of a success story.
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It must be because the public transport system's quite limited.
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Not really.
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There's no underground, but there are trams and a good bus network.
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I'd say price has a lot to do with it.
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It's one of the cheapest schemes in Europe to join.
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But the buses are really slow.
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Anyway, the weather certainly can't be a factor.
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No, definitely not.
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The London scheme's been quite successful.
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Yes, it's been a really good thing for the city.
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The bikes are popular and the whole system is well maintained.
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But it isn't expanding quickly enough.
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Basically, not enough's been spent on increasing the number of cycle lanes.
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Hopefully that'll change.
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Yes.
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Now, what about outside Europe?
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Well, bike -sharing schemes have taken off in places like Buenos Aires.
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Hmm.
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They built a huge network of cycle lanes to support the introduction of the scheme there, didn't they?
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It attracted huge numbers of cyclists where, previously, there were hardly any.
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An example of good planning.
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Absolutely.
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New York is a good example of how not to introduce a scheme.
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When they launched it, it was more than ten times the price of most other schemes.
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More than it costs to take a taxi.
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Crazy.
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I think the organisers lacked vision and ambition there.
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I think so too.
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Sydney would be a good example to use.
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I would have expected it to have grown pretty quickly here.
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Yes.
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I can't quite work out why it hasn't been an instant success like some of the others.
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It's a shame, really.
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I know.
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OK, so now we've thought about all the...
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That is the end of part three.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers to part three.
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Thank you.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“Cambridge 16 Test 4 Section 3 Listening”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：bike, scheme, sharing, cities, example。 這段影片共有 89 個句子、840 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 6:28。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 130 個詞，很適合跟讀。 86% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞發音釋義
introduce 動詞/ˌɪntɹəˈdus/介紹 /介紹, 紹介 /紹介
invest 動詞/ɪnˈvɛst/耗費 /耗費, 投資 /投資
pollution 名詞/pəˈluʃən/汙染
carefully 副詞/ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/小心地
hire 動詞/ˈhaɪɹ/租借, 出租
compete 動詞/kəmˈpiːt/競爭 /競爭, 高下
expand 動詞/ɪkˈspænd/擴充套件 /擴充套件, 擴張 /擴張
contribution 名詞/ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/貢獻 /貢獻
instant 名詞/ˈɪnstənt/瞬間 /瞬間, 剎那 /剎那
underground 形容詞/ˌʌn.dəɹˈɡɹaʊnd/地下
functional 形容詞/ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/功能的
attract 動詞/əˈtɹækt/吸引
taxi 名詞/ˈtæksi/出租汽車 /出租汽車, 出租車 /計程車
convenient 形容詞/kənˈviː.niənt/方便
recommendation 名詞/ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/建議 /建議, 勸告 /勸告

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞發音釋義
pick up 動詞拾取, 撿 /撿
work out 動詞/ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/計算 /計算, 算出

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 24 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 can't, don't, hasn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: pollution /pəˈluʃən/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, recommendation /ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/
  • 長單詞——注意重音位置: contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, recommendation /ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, publicity /pʌbˈlɪsɪti/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

  • /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: invest /ɪnˈvɛst/, convenient /kənˈviː.niənt/
  • 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: introduce /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/, lanes /leɪnz/, invest /ɪnˈvɛst/, compete /kəmˈpiːt/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/
  • /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, lorry /ˈlɔɹi/

如何用這段影片練習

  1. 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
  2. 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
  3. 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 introduce, invest, pollution 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →