Shadowing Practice: CET-6 Listening Practice: What Growth Mindset Can and Cannot Do - Learn English Speaking with Video

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28 משפטים
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1
Good afternoon, everyone, and let's begin with a simple question.
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Do you believe intelligence is something you're born with, or something you can grow?
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Your answer, it turns out, may shape how you deal with failure.
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That, at least, is the idea behind the work of Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck.
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Dweck distinguishes between what she calls a fixed mindset and a growth mindset.
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People with a fixed mindset see ability as a trait that simply can't be changed.
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Those with a growth mindset, by contrast, believe it can be developed, and they treat failure as feedback.
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In one well-known study from the late nineteen nineties, Dweck and a colleague gave children a set of puzzles.
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Some were praised for being clever, while others were praised for working hard.
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So what happened when they were later offered a harder challenge?
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The children praised for intelligence played it safe, but most of the others went for the harder ones.
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It's hardly surprising, then, that schools around the world embraced the idea so eagerly.
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But here's the catch: a big idea deserves careful testing.
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In twenty eighteen, a team led by Victoria Sisk pooled data from hundreds of thousands of students.
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What they found was rather sobering.
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The link between mindset and grades existed, but it turned out to be surprisingly weak.
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And when mindset lessons were tested directly, the average effect on achievement was tiny.
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There was one important exception, however.
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Students from poorer families seemed to benefit a little more, and so did those already struggling at school.
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A year later, a much larger experiment appeared in Nature, and it tested what happens at a national scale.
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Around twelve thousand ninth graders across the United States completed two short online sessions, lasting under an hour in total.
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Among lower-achieving students, grades rose by about a tenth of a grade point.
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On top of that, more students signed up for advanced maths, a choice that can open doors later on.
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That may not sound dramatic, but given that it took less than an hour, it's far from trivial!
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So, is a growth mindset a miracle cure for poor grades?
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Not according to the evidence we have so far.
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Had the early claims been more modest, the backlash might well have been gentler.
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What it offers is a small, cheap nudge, and it works best where classmates also value taking on challenges.

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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה

שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה C1 מבוסס על הסרטון “CET-6 Listening Practice: What Growth Mindset Can and Cannot Do”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: mindset, grade, students, Dweck, praised. בסרטון הזה יש 28 משפטים ו-401 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 2:59. הדובר שומר על קצב יציב של כ-134 מילים בדקה, קצב נוח לתרגול Shadowing. רק 79% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.

אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה

10 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:

מילההגייהמשמעות
classmate שם עצם/ˈklæs.meɪt/חָבֵר לַכִּתָּה
trait שם עצם/tɹeɪt/מאפיין, תכונה
psychologist שם עצם/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/פְּסִיכוֹלוֹג, פסיכולוגית
distinguish פועל/dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/הבחין
tenth שם תואר/tɛnθ/עשירי
sober שם תואר/ˈsoʊ.bɚ/פִּכֵּחַ
puzzle שם עצם/ˈpʌzəl/חִידָה
colleague שם עצם/ˈkɒliːɡ/עָמִית, עמיתה
modest שם תואר/ˈmɑdəst/צָנוּעַ
ninth שם תואר/naɪnθ/תשיעי

הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה

  • הצלילים של “th”: tenth /tɛnθ/, ninth /naɪnθ/
  • הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: backlash /ˈbækˌlæʃ/, distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/
  • מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/

צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:

  • /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: classmate /ˈklæs.meɪt/, backlash /ˈbækˌlæʃ/
  • /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: grader /ˈɡɹeɪdɚ/, trivial /ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/, trait /tɹeɪt/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/

איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה

  1. הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
  2. תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
  3. הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו classmate, trait, psychologist.

מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?

שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.

טכניקת Shadowing: קרא את המדריך המלא שלב אחר שלב →